BE/CNH: Agrarian Landscapes in Transition: A Cross-Scale Approach

BE/CNH：转型中的农业景观：跨尺度方法

• 批准号: 0216560
• 负责人: Charles Redman
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-15 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0216560&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNH; Agrarian; Landscapes; Transition; Cross

Agrarian transformations represent the most pervasive alteration of the Earth's terrestrial environment during the past 10,000 years. Many current conceptualizations of these transformations assume a simple linear model, however, positing that change is driven by present-day economic, demographic, and technological conditions. This interdisciplinary research project will trace the effects of the introduction, spread, and abandonment of agriculture at six sites in the U.S., with comparisons also made with comparable sites in Mexico and France. The U.S. sites are members of the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) network. This project incorporates an integrated, long-term cycle that includes land-use change affecting landscapes, altered landscapes affecting ecological processes, and both influencing the ways in which humans monitor and respond to their surroundings, which engender further cycles of change. The central objective of this research is to identify and quantify the ways in which these integrated cycles differ across cultures, across biogeographic regions, and across time. A suite of quantitative and narrative analyses will be used to identify the prime determinants of long-term dynamics, present-day patterns, and reservoirs of ecological and social resilience in these systems. Analytical approaches will include structural-equation modeling, analysis of spatial and causal effects, and cross-site comparisons of case studies. As a practical test of the project's results, approaches and insights that includes an emphasis on eco-regional planning and scenario building will be examined in the context of conservation planning at The Nature Conservancy (TNC).This project will contribute to both science and society in many ways. It will demonstrate the importance of social science information and approaches in ecosystem investigations, expanding the results of the LTER network and breaching the divide between social and natural science. The data protocols developed will also benefit other communities of social and natural scientists through the involvement of the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), a major national repository of social science data. This project will help to develop general theories on how socio-ecological legacies, as well as lags in the recognition of and response to change, vary across space and time. Through detailed case histories and quantitative analyses, the project expects to provide convincing evidence that humans act not only to disturb ecosystems but also monitor ecosystem values and respond to maintain stability and minimize crises. Project results will provide information of direct use to policy makers, TNC, and land managers by using an approach that explicitly relates socio-ecological processes to varying levels of political organization. The cross-scale data collection and analyses are expected to demonstrate that some patterns of human-ecological interactions are surprisingly long term, vary across space and time, and are non-linear. The project's most significant long-term contribution may prove to be through education; as this project will train new interdisciplinary scientists at all levels of the educational spectrum, inform public officials, and contribute to more effective land-management practices. This project is an award resulting from the FY 2002 special competition in Biocomplexity in the Environment focusing on the Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems.

在过去的10，000年中，农业转变代表了地球陆地环境的最普遍变化。 这些转换的许多当前概念化都假设一个简单的线性模型，但是，变化是由当今的经济，人口统计和技术条件驱动的。该跨学科研究项目将追踪美国六个地点的引言，传播和​​放弃农业的影响，并与墨西哥和法国的可比地点进行了比较。 美国站点是长期生态研究（LTER）网络的成员。 该项目结合了一个综合的长期周期，包括影响景观的土地利用变化，影响生态过程的景观改变，以及都影响了人类监控和对周围环境的反应方式，从而导致进一步的变化周期。 这项研究的核心目的是识别和量化这些综合周期在跨培养物，生物地理区域以及整个时间之间的不同方式。 一套定量和叙事分析将用于确定这些系统中生态和社会弹性的长期动态，当今模式以及储层的主要决定因素。 分析方法将包括结构方程建模，空间和因果效应的分析以及案例研究的跨站点比较。 作为对项目结果的实际检验，将在自然保护协会（TNC）的保护计划的背景下进行研究，包括对生态区域规划和场景建设的重视。 它将证明社会科学信息和方法在生态系统调查中的重要性，扩大了lter网络的结果并违反了社会科学和自然科学之间的鸿沟。 开发的数据协议还将通过社会科学数据的主要国家储藏库（ICPSR）的政治和社会研究联盟（ICPSR）参与来使社会和自然科学家的其他社区受益。 该项目将有助于发展有关社会生态遗产以及对变化的识别和反应的滞后方式的一般理论，在时空和时间之间有所不同。 通过详细的案例历史和定量分析，该项目希望提供令人信服的证据，证明人类不仅要扰乱生态系统，还可以监测生态系统价值，并响应维持稳定性并最大程度地减少危机。 项目结果将通过使用将社会生态过程与不同水平的政治组织联系起来的方法，向政策制定者，TNC和土地管理者提供直接使用的信息。 跨尺度的数据收集和分析预计将证明，人生态相互作用的某些模式是长期的，随着时间和时间的变化，并且是非线性的。 该项目的最重要的长期贡献可能是通过教育所证明的。由于该项目将在教育范围的各个层面上培训新的跨学科科学家，向公职人员提供信息，并为更有效的土地管理实践做出贡献。 该项目是由2002财年在环境中生物复杂性的特殊竞争所产生的，重点是耦合自然和人类系统的动态。