A Spiral Approach to Chemical Concepts Using GC/MS

使用 GC/MS 探索化学概念的螺旋方法

• 批准号: 9850580
• 负责人: David Forsyth
• 金额: $ 3.45万
• 依托单位: Northeastern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-07-01 至 2000-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9850580&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Spiral; Approach; Chemical; Concepts; Using

A distinct need in modern chemistry curricula is to integrate the learning of chemical concepts with the use of modern instrumentation. The instruments can be used to teach chemical concepts and, at the same time, learning the chemical concepts makes the instruments more than magical black (or beige) boxes. A specific need in teaching organic chemistry is to have an effective laboratory approach to communicate the concepts of chemical structure, especially the concepts of constitutional isomerism and stereoisomerism. In analytical chemistry, more emphasis needs to be placed on how analyses of biologically relevant samples are carried out, and, for chemistry and honors students from other majors, how experimental protocols are developed. The objective of the present project is to teach concepts of molecular structure and methods of analysis by application of modern gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) instrumentation in microscale experiments using a "spiral" approach. In the spiral approach, the relation between GC/MS experiments and molecular structure is re-visited in several laboratory courses spread out over one or more years. This objective is being accomplished by introducing five new experiments using GC/MS into introductory level organic and analytical chemistry courses. The new organic experiments are innovative approaches to the concepts of empirical and molecular formulas, constitutional isomerism, and stereoisomerism. The analytical experiments are part of a new approach to introduce student-designed protocols for the analysis of biologically relevant chemical samples. The proposed experiments are significant in illustrating chemical concepts that are I ) neglected in existing laboratory manuals, 2) otherwise difficult to illustrate in microscale, or 3) relevant to students more interested in biologically related subjects that are often neglected in traditional chemistry laboratory experiments.

现代化学课程的一个明显需求是将化学概念的学习与现代仪器的使用结合起来。这些仪器可用于教授化学概念，同时学习化学概念使仪器不仅仅是神奇的黑（或米色）盒子。有机化学教学的一个具体需求是采用有效的实验室方法来传达化学结构的概念，特别是结构异构和立体异构的概念。在分析化学中，需要更多地关注如何进行生物学相关样品的分析，以及对于化学和其他专业的荣誉学生，如何制定实验方案。本项目的目标是通过在使用“螺旋”方法的微型实验中应用现代气相色谱/质谱（GC/MS）仪器来教授分子结构的概念和分析方法。在螺旋方法中，GC/MS 实验与分子结构之间的关系在一年或多年的几个实验室课程中重新讨论。这一目标是通过在入门级有机和分析化学课程中引入使用 GC/MS 的五个新实验来实现的。新的有机实验是对经验和分子式、结构异构和立体异构概念的创新方法。分析实验是一种新方法的一部分，旨在介绍学生设计的用于分析生物相关化学样品的方案。所提出的实验对于说明化学概念具有重要意义，这些概念是：1）在现有实验室手册中被忽视，2）否则难以在微观尺度上说明，或3）与对传统化学实验室实验中经常被忽视的生物学相关科目更感兴趣的学生相关。