SBIR Phase I: Increased Freezing Tolerance in Plants

SBIR 第一阶段：提高植物的抗冻能力

• 批准号: 9861185
• 负责人: Michael Fromm
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: Mendel Biotechnology Incorporated
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-01-01 至 1999-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9861185&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Increased; Freezing; Tolerance

9861185 This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will establish the feasibility of producing plants tolerant to rapid temperature drops to freezing conditions. Most plants can survive freezing if allowed time to become cold acclimated at non-freezing temperatures, due to induction of the COR (cold regulated) genes. However, sudden temperature drops to freezing temperatures damage most crops if they have not been recently cold acclimated. Dr. Thomashow (MSU) overexpressed the CBF1 gene in Arabidopsis plants and found that CBF1 induces the COR genes and conditions plants to survive freezing without prior cold acclimation. This research will determine whether constitutive expression of CBF1, or other newly isolated CBF genes, is detrimental to Arabidopsis plants under normal growing conditions by measuring plant growth, flowering time, biochemistry and yields. The results should indicate the technical feasibility and the CBF gene with the best biological properties for producing frost-tolerant crops including corn (1995 frost losses of more than $ 1 Billion), soy, wheat, strawberries, and eucalyptus. Results from Arabidopsis are particularly relevant in the closely related Brassica crops. Mendel Biotechnology has an option to an exclusive license to commercially develop CBF genes and will collaborate with MSU during Phase I.

9861185 这个小企业创新研究第一阶段项目将确定生产耐受快速降温至冻结条件的植物的可行性。大多数植物可以生存冷冻，如果允许时间成为冷驯化在非冻结温度，由于COR（冷调节）基因的诱导。然而，如果最近没有进行冷驯化，温度突然下降到冰点会损害大多数作物。Dr. Jasashow（MSU）在拟南芥植物中过表达CBF1基因，发现CBF1诱导COR基因并调节植物在没有预先冷驯化的情况下在冷冻下存活。本研究将通过测量植物生长、开花时间、生物化学和产量来确定CBF 1或其他新分离的CBF基因的组成型表达是否对正常生长条件下的拟南芥植物有害。 研究结果表明了技术可行性和CBF基因的最佳生物学特性，用于生产耐霜冻作物，包括玉米（1995年霜冻损失超过10亿美元），大豆，小麦，草莓和桉树。拟南芥的结果在密切相关的芸苔属作物中特别相关。 孟德尔生物技术公司有一个选择，以独家许可证商业开发CBF基因，并将在第一阶段与密歇根州立大学合作。