Acquisition of a Stable Isotope Facility to Study Terrestrial Processes and their Interaction with Climate and the Environment

购买稳定同位素设施来研究陆地过程及其与气候和环境的相互作用

• 批准号: 9871262
• 负责人: Jeffrey Welker
• 金额: $ 33.5万
• 依托单位: University of Wyoming
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-01 至 2001-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9871262&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Acquisition; Stable; Isotope; Facility; Study

A stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer facility is proposed at the University of Wyoming to address several multidisciplinary processes including carbon flux between ecosystems and the atmosphere, ecosystem responses to simulated climate change, patterns of precipitation isotopic chemistry, reconstruction of climates using proxy records, and the geochemistry of environmental contamination. At present, no such facility exists in the state of Wyoming. This proposal funds the purchase of a dual inlet isotope ration mass spectrometer for high precision analysis of the stable isotopes of H, C, N, S, and O in air, water, soil, and vegetation. This instrument will support numerous ongoing studies that utilize stable isotope analyses to enhance a basic understanding of terrestrial processes. These include: 1) delineating the CO2 source and sink activity of native and agricultural ecosystems; 2) quantifying the degree to which changes in snow depth alter the patterns of water sources used by plants and modifies the flux of carbon; 3) assessing the weekly patterns of the isotopic composition of precipitation from an array of sites across the U.S; 4) applying the isotopic composition of plant tissues as paleoclimate proxies; 5) using stable isotopes to identify sources and processes affecting groundwater contaminants such as nitrate and hazardous organic compounds; and 6) characterizing the seasonal foraging patterns of free-ranging ungulates and applying this to the reconstruction of anthropological diets and predation strategies. The major focus of the proposed facility will be to nurture an expansion of interdisciplinary collaboration among diverse research teams. In addition, this instrumentation will provide regular exposure and research training opportunities for upper division undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral scientists while encouraging other researchers on campus to utilize stable isotopes as part of their research. Finally, the facility will perform analyses that will contribute to several new national and international research initiatives, including a U.S. contribution to the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) and the Biosphere-Atmosphere Stable Isotope Network (BASIN).

怀俄明州大学提议建立一个稳定同位素比质谱仪设施，以解决几个多学科的过程，包括生态系统和大气之间的碳通量、生态系统对模拟气候变化的响应、降水同位素化学模式、使用代用记录重建气候以及环境污染的地球化学。 目前，怀俄明州还没有这样的设施。 该提案资助购买一台双入口同位素定量质谱仪，用于对空气、水、土壤和植被中的H、C、N、S和O的稳定同位素进行高精度分析。 这一工具将支持许多正在进行的研究，这些研究利用稳定同位素分析加强对地球过程的基本了解。 其中包括：1）描绘本地和农业生态系统的CO2源和汇活动; 2）量化雪深变化改变植物使用的水源模式和改变碳通量的程度; 3）评估美国各地一系列地点降水同位素组成的每周模式; 4）利用植物组织的同位素组成作为古气候代用指标; 5）利用稳定同位素确定影响地下水污染物（如硝酸盐和有害有机化合物）的来源和过程;（6）描述了自由放养有蹄类动物的季节性觅食模式，并将其应用于人类学饮食和捕食策略的重建。 拟议设施的主要重点将是促进不同研究团队之间跨学科合作的扩大。 此外，该仪器将为高年级本科生，研究生和博士后科学家提供定期接触和研究培训的机会，同时鼓励校园内的其他研究人员利用稳定同位素作为他们研究的一部分。 最后，该设施将进行分析，这将有助于几个新的国家和国际研究计划，包括美国对全球降水同位素网络（GNIP）和生物圈-大气稳定同位素网络（BASIN）的贡献。