Development of Tools for Tomato Functional Genomics: Application to Analysis of Fruit Development, Responses to Pathogens, and Genome Synteny with Arabidopsis

番茄功能基因组学工具的开发：应用于拟南芥果实发育、病原体反应和基因组同线性分析

• 批准号: 9872617
• 负责人: Steven Tanksley
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Cornell Univ - State: AWDS MADE PRIOR MAY 2010
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-10-01 至 2002-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9872617&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Tools; Tomato; Functional; Genomics

Tomato has long served as a model system for plant genetics, development, pathology, and physiology, which has resulted in an accumulation of substantial information regarding the biology of this economically important organism. In recent years, the most widely studied aspects of tomato biology include development and ripening of fleshy fruits and characterization of responses to infection by microbial pathogens. Although Arabidopsis has surpassed some plant systems as a model for basic plant biology research, the areas of fruit ripening and pathogen response continue to thrive with tomato as the experimental organism of choice. In the case of fruit development, this is simply due to the fact that the developmental program which results in the dramatic expansion and ripening of carpels in tomato and in many other economically and nutritionally important species does not occur in Arabidopsis. With regard to plant defense, decades of applied and basic research on tomato have resulted in characterization of responses to numerous disease agents. In many cases, this has led to the identification and genetic characterization of loci that confer general or pathogen-specific resistance. In addition, many experimental tools and features of tomato make it an excellent model system in its own right including: extensive germplasm collections; numerous natural, induced and transgenic mutants and genetic variants; routine transformation technology; a dense RFLP map; numerous cDNA and genomic libraries; a small genome; relatively short life-cycle; and ease of growth and maintenance. The intense research efforts in fruit biology and defense responses and the available tools that make tomato an especially attractive model system have resulted in many important recent discoveries. Specific highlights which have had a broad impact on the field of plant biology include: control of gene expression by antisense/sense technology; functional characterization of numerous genes influencing fruit development and ripening; transgenic analysis of genes which impact susceptibility or response to pathogen attack; and isolation of more disease resistance genes than any other plant species.This project involves development of an integrated set of experimental tools for use in tomato functional genomics. The resources developed will be used to expand understanding of the molecular genetic events underlying fruit development and the response to pathogen infection and will be made available to the research community for analysis of diverse plant biological phenomena. Specific objectives include: (1) development of a tomato EST (Expressed Sequence Tag) database with emphasis on sequences expressed during fruit development and maturation and in pathogen-challenged tissues; (2) genome-wide gene expression analyses during fruit development and ripening and in response to pathogen infection; and (3) development of a tomato-Arabidopsis synteny map which will be used by members of this group and made publicly available for target gene isolation, candidate gene identification, and analysis of genome organization and evolution.

番茄长期以来一直是植物遗传学、发育学、病理学和生理学的模型系统，这导致了关于这种经济上重要的生物体的生物学的大量信息的积累。近年来，番茄生物学研究最广泛的方面包括肉质果实的发育和成熟以及对微生物病原体感染的反应的表征。虽然拟南芥已经超越了一些植物系统作为基础植物生物学研究的模型，水果成熟和病原体反应的领域继续蓬勃发展，番茄作为实验生物的选择。在果实发育的情况下，这仅仅是由于这样一个事实，即导致番茄和许多其他经济和营养上重要的物种心皮急剧扩张和成熟的发育程序在拟南芥中没有发生。关于植物防御，几十年来对番茄的应用和基础研究已经导致了对许多病原体的反应的表征。在许多情况下，这导致了赋予一般或病原体特异性抗性的基因座的鉴定和遗传表征。此外，番茄的许多实验工具和特征使其本身成为一个优秀的模型系统，包括：广泛的种质收集;许多天然的、诱导的和转基因的突变体和遗传变体;常规转化技术;密集的RFLP图谱;许多cDNA和基因组文库;小的基因组;相对较短的生命周期;以及易于生长和维护。在水果生物学和防御反应方面的深入研究以及使番茄成为特别有吸引力的模型系统的可用工具，导致了许多重要的最新发现。对植物生物学领域产生广泛影响的具体亮点包括：通过反义/正义技术控制基因表达;影响果实发育和成熟的许多基因的功能表征;影响对病原体攻击的敏感性或反应的基因的转基因分析;并分离出比其他任何植物物种更多的抗病基因。该项目涉及开发一套综合的实验工具，在番茄功能基因组学中的应用。开发的资源将用于扩大对水果发育和病原体感染反应的分子遗传事件的理解，并将提供给研究界，用于分析不同的植物生物现象。具体目标包括：（1）番茄EST的开发（表达序列标签）数据库，重点是在果实发育和成熟期间以及在病原体攻击的组织中表达的序列;（2）在果实发育和成熟期间以及响应病原体感染的全基因组基因表达分析;和（3）开发番茄-拟南芥同线性图谱，该图谱将被该组成员使用并公开用于靶基因分离，候选基因的鉴定，以及基因组组织和进化的分析。