LT: Design of Environmentally Benign Refrigerants

9873586如果要防止平流层臭氧耗竭和全球变暖，制冷技术必须消除对氟氯化碳制冷剂及其替代品的需求。这项研究的目的是开发一种系统的方法或设计环境友好的替代制冷剂。为了实现这一目标，研究人员计划(1)开发一个数学模型，该模型可以选择制冷剂或制冷剂混合物的原子组成，从而满足环境和化学约束，同时优化制冷剂生命周期的能源效率和总变暖影响；(2)设计一种算法程序来解决上述模型，以克服问题的组合困难以及与属性预测估计技术的不准确性相关的困难；(3)建立一个计算/实验系统来验证；测试和实施理论模型和算法方法；(4)通过实验室合成和测试新设计的化合物，寻求理论发现的实验验证。该研究将强调大气化学、过程和溶液热力学、过程和产品设计以及运筹学（离散和非线性优化理论）的跨学科互动。初步结果表明，该方法具有较高的成功概率。特别是，一种新的氟利昂12的替代品已经开发出来，它具有热力学性质，使其在典型的制冷循环中比氟利昂12更有效。这项资助是根据美国国家科学基金会/朗讯科技公司1998年工业生态研究奖学金计划提供的。* * *

9873586 Sahinidis Refrigeration technology must eliminate the need for chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants (CFCs) and their substitutes if depletion of stratospheric ozone and global warming are to be prevented. The objective of this research is to develop a systematic methodology or the design of environmentally benign alternative refrigerants. Towards this goal, the researchers plan to (1) develop a mathematical model which selects the atomic composition of a refrigerant or refrigerant mixture in such a way that environmental and chemical constraints are satisfied while the energy efficiency and total warming impact of the refrigerant life-cycles are optimized, (2) devise an algorithmic procedure to solve the above model in a way that overcomes the combinatorial difficulty of the problem as well as difficulties associated with inaccuracies in property prediction estimation techniques, (3) establish a computational/experimental system for verifying, testing and implementing the theoretical models and algorithmic methods and (4) seek experimental verification of the theoretical findings through laboratory synthesis and testing of the newly designed compounds. The research will emphasize the interdisciplinary interaction of ideas from atmospheric chemistry, process and solution thermodynamics, process and product design and operations research (discrete and nonlinear optimization theory). Preliminary results demonstrate that the proposed approach carries a high probability of success. In particular, a novel replacement of Freon 12 has been developed that possesses thermodynamic properties that render it more efficient than Freon 12 in the context of a typical refrigeration cycle. This grant is made pursuant to the joint NSF/Lucent Technologies Industrial Ecology Research Fellowships Program 1998. ***