Microscopic Theory of Quantum Fluids and Nuclear Systems

深入理解在核物理学、致密物质天体物理学和凝聚态物理学中普遍存在的强相互作用多体系统中观察到的现象，需要使用远远超出传统平均场理论的先进分析和计算方法进行密集的从头算研究。 该项目继续两个互补的多粒子理论的发展和应用，一个涉及波函数，基态和密度矩阵方面的基本相关性的描述;和其他解决在介质中修改粒子的属性和相互作用的一个和两个身体传播。 这些方法和其他技术的具体应用将包括计算（e，e 'p）和（e，e' 2N）截面，构造用于分析重离子反应的介质内核子-核子相互作用，研究核介质中的奇异性传播，定量评价各种配对通道中核子超流体的性质，阐明P波配对的普遍特征，探索交换对称性破缺在液氦中玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的从头算理论中的作用，以及核半衰期和原子质量的统计预测。 在突出的情况下，该研究将有助于解释和模拟电子散射，重离子和放射性束设施的实验结果，以及与中子星内部有关的天体物理观测。

A deep understanding of the phenomena observed in the strongly interacting many-body systems prevalent in nuclear physics, dense-matter astrophysics, and condensed-matter physics requires intensive ab initio investigations using advanced analytical and computational approaches that reach far beyond traditional mean-field theories. This project continues the development and application of two complementary many-particle theories, the one involving description of fundamental correlations in terms of wave functions, basis states, and density matrices; and the other addressing in-medium modifications of particle properties and interactions in terms of one- and two-body propagators. Specific applications of these methods and other techniques will include calculation of (e,e'p) and (e,e'2N) cross sections, construction of an in-medium nucleon-nucleon interaction for analysis of heavy-ion reactions, studies of strangeness propagation in nuclear media, quantitative evaluation of the properties of nucleonic superfluids in various pairing channels, elucidation of universal features of P-wave pairing, exploration of the role of exchange-symmetry breaking within an ab initio theory of Bose-Einstein condensation in liquid helium, and statistical prediction of nulear halflives and atomic masses. In salient cases, the research will be instrumental to the interpretation and modeling of experimental results from electron-scattering, heavy-ion, and radioactive-beam facilities as well as astrophysical observations relating to neutron-star interiors.