RUI: Halogens in Granitic Systems

9902185沃尔夫氟是一种从许多火山排放出来的次要但重要的气体。它的释放表明火山内的熔岩或岩浆含有氟，但正在慢慢丧失。我们必须了解火山系统中的氟，因为这种元素在岩浆中的存在影响各种基本参数，如岩浆的粘度、密度和聚合度；其他元素在岩浆中结合和扩散的能力；许多矿物结晶或熔融的条件；以及其他元素在共存的晶体、液体和气相之间的分布。这些认识对确定氟在与花岗岩有关的岩浆-热液矿床形成过程中的助熔剂和矿化剂的作用具有重要价值。如果我们更多地了解氟对成矿的影响，那么我们就有可能利用这些信息来帮助我们寻找未来的矿床。然而，这种乐观设想的一个问题是，我们需要知道岩浆中的氟含量，但如果结晶岩浆在凝固成岩石之前大部分氟已经丢失，我们如何才能知道呢？我们之所以能做到这一点，是因为岩浆中生长的某些矿物会将氟融入它们的结构中，而不会随后失去它。通过测量这些矿物的氟含量，我们可能能够确定这些矿物生长的岩浆中的氟含量。然而，只有当我们知道这些矿物相对于共存岩浆中的氟的量，我们才能做到这一点(这个参数被称为分配系数或分配系数)，而我们只有通过做实验才能确定这个参数。因此，在一系列模拟火山下方条件的高压和高温实验中，我们将从一系列岩浆成分中培养出各种不同的含氟矿物，以确定共存相中的氟含量、相应的分配系数，以及当应用于真实岩石时，岩浆中最初有多少氟和损失了多少氟。

9902185 Wolf Fluorine is a minor yet important gas emitted from many volcanoes. Its emission indicates that the molten rock, or magma, within the volcano contains but is slowly losing its fluorine. It is important for us to learn about fluorine in volcanic systems because the presence of this element in magmas affects a wide variety of fundamental parameters such as the viscosity, density and polymerization of the magma; the ability of other elements to bond within and diffuse through the magma; the conditions under which many minerals crystallize or melt; and the distribution of other elements between coexisting crystal, liquid and gas phases. Such knowledge is of great value in determining the ability of fluorine to act as a flux and mineralizer during the formation of granite-associated magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits if we know more about the effects of fluorine on ore deposition, then we just may be able to use this information to help us find future ore deposits. One problem with this optimistic scenario, however, is that we need to know the fluorine content of the magma, but how can we do so if most of the fluorine was lost from the crystallizing magma before it solidified into rock? We can do so because certain minerals that grow in the magma incorporate fluorine into their structures and do not subsequently lose it. By measuring the fluorine content of these minerals, we may be able to determine the fluorine content of the magma from which these minerals grew. However, we can only do so if we know how much fluorine these minerals "sucked up" relative to the amount of fluorine in the coexisting magma (this parameter is called the distribution or partition coefficient), and we can only determine this parameter by doing experiments. Thus, in a series of high pressure and high temperature experiments simulating conditions beneath volcanoes, we will grow a variety of different fluorine-bearing minerals from a range of magma compositions to determine the fluorine contents in the coexisting phases, the corresponding distribution coefficients, and, when applied to real rocks, how much fluorine was in the magma initially and how much was lost.