Doctoral Dissertation Research: An Experimental Test of the Theory of Reward Expectations: Goal Objects, Performance Expectations, and Group Structure

博士论文研究：奖励期望理论的实验检验：目标对象、绩效期望和群体结构

• 批准号: 9907056
• 负责人: Cathryn Johnson
• 金额: $ 0.75万
• 依托单位: Emory University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-15 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9907056&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Experimental; Test

Reward expectations theory explains how individuals' socially relevant characteristics can determine their expectations for rewards in collective task groups. The theory also predicts a reverse process, whereby the distribution of rewards within a group can determine members' status positions in that group. Evidence for the process has come from tests that used money, or points exchangeable for money, as rewards. However, the reward expectation theory is general: It predicts that distributing nonexchangeable goal objects, such as honors or titles, should also lead to status hierarchies. This status-valued process is important in recent theories addressing the creation of status characteristics. This project will employ an adaptation of a standardized experimental procedure using non-exchangeable rewards to provide the first direct test of reverse process predictions. The proposed work will serve as a first step in developing a research program that addresses how various characteristics become status valued.

奖励期望理论解释了个体的社会相关特征如何决定他们在集体任务组中对奖励的期望。该理论还预测了一个相反的过程，即群体内的奖励分配可以决定成员在该群体中的地位。这一过程的证据来自于使用金钱或可兑换金钱的积分作为奖励的测试。然而，奖励预期理论是通用的：它预测分配不可交换的目标对象，如荣誉或头衔，也会导致地位等级。这种以地位为价值的过程在最近关于地位特征创造的理论中很重要。该项目将采用标准化实验程序的改编，使用不可交换的奖励来提供逆向过程预测的第一次直接测试。拟议的工作将作为发展研究计划的第一步，该计划旨在解决各种特征如何成为地位的价值。