Gravity Wave Sources and Parameterization

重力波被认为在从对流层到中间层及以上的水平上影响大气环流、温度和混合过程。然而，它们的尺度太小，不能在大气环流模式(GCM)中求解，必须通过参数化来处理。也就是说，它们的影响必须被近似地描述，以便包含在大规模模型中。这项研究计划旨在量化重力波的特性，并确定其来源、地理和季节变化以及对大气的影响。我们的目标是改进在GCM中对其影响进行参数化的方法。该方法的重点是分析ER-2平流层飞机的观测结果，以得出与重力波有关的动量通量和温度扰动的信息。这些信息被用来定义重力波的详细属性，并测试波浪产生的理论模型。计划与NOAA地球物理流体动力学实验室和NASA戈达德太空飞行中心的研究人员合作，在GCM中包括重力波效应。

Gravity waves are believed to affect the atmospheric circulation, temperature, and mixing processes at levels ranging from the troposphere through the mesosphere and above. However, they are too small in scale to be resolved in general circulation models (GCMs) and must be treated via parameterization. That is, their effects must be described approximately for inclusion in large-scale models. This research program aims to quantify the properties of gravity waves and determine their sources, their geographic and seasonal variations, and their effects on the atmosphere. The goal is to improve the ways of parameterizing their effects in GCMs. The approach focuses on analysis of observations from the ER-2 stratospheric aircraft to derive information on the momentum flux and the temperature perturbations associated with gravity waves. This information is used to define the detailed properties of gravity waves and to test theoretical models of wave generation. Collaboration on including gravity wave effects in GCMs is planned with researchers at the NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory and the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.