Gravity Wave Sources and Parameterization

重力波源和参数化

• 批准号: 0943506
• 负责人: M Joan Alexander
• 金额: $ 59.29万
• 依托单位: NorthWest Research Associates, Incorporated
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-15 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0943506&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Gravity; Wave; Sources; Parameterization

Gravity waves are important atmospheric phenomena that affect atmospheric circulation, and energy and momentum transfers. A three-year program of modeling, observational analysis, and parameterization development will be conducted, focusing on the local generation and global effects of gravity waves in the atmosphere. The goals of the project are to develop a detailed understanding of the processes causing wave generation, and to study the conditions that determine whether the waves propagate upward into the upper atmosphere or remain trapped in the low atmosphere. Trapped gravity waves can affect weather, while vertically propagating waves influence the general circulation and climate on the global scale via momentum transfer and forcing of the circulation. The project uses a set of modeling tools spanning a hierarchy of complexity and includes strict observational validation.Intellectual Merit. The project seeks a deeper understanding of the processes leading to gravity wave generation and the translation of this knowledge into more realistic and better constrained parameterizations for global models. Parameterization development means capturing fundamental physical dependences and identifying key tunable parameters that scale with nonlinear or other neglected effects. The research efforts include parameterization applications in a global model to study short-term climate change effects (such as the El Nino-Southern Oscillation) on gravity wave sources and their subsequent effects on atmospheric circulation. The fundamental understanding gained from this work on the processes of gravity wave generation can provide a basis for evaluating the treatment of these processes in future global models. Broader Impacts. This research will improve the treatment of gravity wave mean-flow forcing processes in global models used for climate prediction, ozone recovery assessments, and weather forecasting. Model improvements can have obvious impacts on human society and the environment in general. In the tropics, additional broader impacts of gravity waves are related to their effect on cirrus cloud occurrence frequencies and ice particle sizes. The process-level studies of gravity waves generated by convection will allow quantification of the roles of these waves in cirrus and upper atmospheric water vapor changes. The study of gravity waves in the vicinity of convection may also impact future work on local weather forecasts and turbulence associated with breaking waves that impacts aviation. This NSF-funded research also contributes to education and research training for a postdoctoral scientist and a number of graduate students.

重力波是影响大气环流、能量和动量传递的重要大气现象。将实施一个为期三年的模拟、观测分析和参数化发展计划，重点研究大气中重力波的局部产生和全球影响。该项目的目标是详细了解导致波浪产生的过程，并研究决定波是向上传播到高层大气还是停留在低层大气中的条件。捕获的重力波可以影响天气，而垂直传播的波通过动量传递和环流强迫影响全球范围的大气环流和气候。该项目使用了一套跨越复杂层次的建模工具，并包括严格的观测验证。该项目寻求对导致重力波产生的过程有更深入的了解，并将这一知识转化为更现实和更受约束的全球模式参数。参数化开发意味着捕获基本的物理依赖关系，并确定随非线性或其他被忽略的影响而扩展的关键可调参数。研究工作包括在全球模式中应用参数化，以研究短期气候变化对重力波源的影响(如厄尔尼诺-南方涛动)及其对大气环流的后续影响。从这项工作中获得的对重力波产生过程的基本理解可以为在未来的全球模式中评估这些过程的处理提供基础。更广泛的影响。这项研究将改进用于气候预测、臭氧恢复评估和天气预报的全球模式中重力波平均流强迫过程的处理。模型的改进可以对人类社会和整个环境产生明显的影响。在热带地区，重力波的其他更广泛的影响与它们对卷云出现频率和冰粒大小的影响有关。对流产生的重力波的过程级研究将能够量化这些波在卷云和高层大气水汽变化中的作用。对流附近重力波的研究也可能影响当地天气预报的未来工作，以及与影响航空的破碎波有关的湍流。这项由国家科学基金会资助的研究还有助于对一名博士后科学家和一些研究生进行教育和研究培训。