Gravity Wave Sources and Parameterization

周期从几分钟到几小时不等的重力波被认为会影响从对流层到中间层及以上的大气环流、温度和混合过程。 然而，它们太小，无法在大气环流模式（GCM）中解决，必须通过参数化处理。 也就是说，它们的影响必须近似描述，才能纳入大规模模型。 该研究计划旨在量化重力波的性质，并确定其来源，地理和季节变化及其对大气的影响。 重点是飓风和其他对流风暴系统产生的波浪。 目标是改进在大气环流模型中确定其影响参数的方法。 该方法的重点是分析飞机和气球观测从以前的实地实验，以获得有关的动量通量和温度扰动与重力波，这些信息，然后用于开发参数化。 计划与诺阿地球物理流体动力学实验室和其他组织的研究人员合作，将参数化纳入大气环流模型。 这些研究将为研究重力波的全球规模效应和完善参数化提供一种手段。 这项工作的目标是通过更准确地近似波的影响来改善大规模的大气模拟。

Gravity waves with periods ranging from minutes to hours are believed to affect the atmospheric circulation, temperature, and mixing processes at levels extending from the troposphere through the mesosphere and above. However, they are too small to be resolved in general circulation models (GCMs) and must be treated via parameterization. That is, their effects must be described approximately for inclusion in large-scale models. This research program aims to quantify the properties of gravity waves and determine their sources, their geographic and seasonal variations, and their effects on the atmosphere. Emphasis is on the waves generated by hurricanes and other convective storm systems. The goal is to improve the ways of parameterizing their effects in GCMs. The approach focuses on analysis of aircraft and balloon observations from previous field experiments to derive information on the momentum flux and the temperature perturbations associated with gravity waves, which information is then employed for developing parameterizations. Collaboration on including the parameterizations in GCMs is planned with researchers at the NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory and other organizations. These studies will provide a means of both studying the global-scale effects of gravity waves and refining the parameterizations. The goal of the work is to improve large-scale atmospheric simulations by approximating more accurately the effects of the waves.