Collaborative Research: WinDSSOcK: Winter Distribution and Success of Southern Ocean Krill

合作研究：WinDSSOcK：南大洋磷虾的冬季分布和成功

• 批准号: 9909956
• 负责人: Eileen Hofmann
• 金额: $ 30.55万
• 依托单位: Old Dominion University Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-15 至 2004-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9909956&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; WinDSSOcK; Winter; Distribution

This project is a contribution to a coordinated attempt to understand the interactions of biological and physical dynamics by developing relationships among the evolution of the antarctic winter ice and snow cover, biological habitat variability, and the seasonal progression of marine ecological processes. The work will be carried out in the context of the Southern Ocean Experiment of the Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics Study (Globec), a large, multi-investigator study of the winter survival strategy of krill under the antarctic sea ice in the vicinity of Marguerite Bay on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula.There are two aspects to this project: the characterization of the regional hydrography, and the development of a hierarchy of models to organize and integrate the physical and biological observations.The water masses on the continental shelf off Marguerite Bay consist of inflowing Upper Circumpolar Deep Water, which is relatively warm, salty, oxygen-poor, and nutrient-rich. In winter atmospheric processes cool and freshen this water, and recharge it with oxygen to produce Antarctic Surface Water which is diffused seaward, and supports both a sea ice cover and a productive krill-based food web. This project will define these water masses with repeated regional temperature, salinity, nutrients, and oxygen surveys, supplemented by a moored current meter and temperature array, and by acoustic surveys to observe the upper ocean current structure.The modeling effort will provide a mechanism to link water column and sea ice processes with the biology of krill and its predators. It will further help to link these winter observations to similar observations made in summer and elsewhere around Antarctic in the international context of the Globec program. Three major types of models will be used to order the various observations: (1) time-dependent biological models - e.g. species interaction models; (2) depth-time models of both physical and biological characteristics - e.g. effect of snow, ice, and water turbidity on the distribution of light, and (3) three-dimensional and time-dependent models synthesizing physical and biological models over the continental shelf. The specific objective is to develop a comprehensive ecosystem in order to test our understanding of the system, determine its sensitivities, and to provide an organizing mechanism for integrating the Southern Ocean Globec observations. ***

该项目是通过在南极冬季冰和雪覆盖，生物栖息地变异性以及海洋生态过程的季节性进步之间发展的关系来理解生物和物理动态相互作用的协调尝试的贡献。 这项工作将在全球海洋生态系统动力学研究（Globec）的南海洋实验的背景下进行，这是一项大型，多次评估的研究，对玛格丽特湾（Marguerite Bay）在玛格丽特湾（Marguerite Bay）附近的南极海冰下的冬季生存策略进行了多个项目，该项目的典范是两个方面。组织和整合物理和生物学观察结果。玛格丽特湾（Marguerite Bay）大陆架上的水块包括流入的上圆形深水，该水相对温暖，咸，贫血和富含营养。 在冬季，大气过程使水冷却并清新，并用氧气为其充电以产生散射向海的南极地表水，并支持海冰盖和富有成效的基于磷虾的食物网。 该项目将通过重复的区域温度，盐度，养分和氧气调查来定义这些水质，并补充了系泊电流计和温度阵列，并通过声学调查来观察上海流的结构。建模工作将提供一种机制，可提供一种与磷虾及其鸟类生物学的水柱和海冰工艺联系起来的机制。 这将进一步有助于将这些冬季的观察结果与环球计划国际环境中夏季和南极附近其他地方的类似观察结果联系起来。 将使用三种主要模型来订购各种观察结果：（1）时间依赖的生物模型 - 例如物种相互作用模型； （2）物理和生物学特征的深度模型 - 例如雪，冰和水浊度对光的分布的影响，以及（3）在大陆架上合成物理和生物模型的三维和时间依赖的模型。 具体的目标是开发一个全面的生态系统，以测试我们对系统的理解，确定其敏感性，并提供一种整合南方海洋环球观测的组织机制。 ***