Development of a Theoretical Basis for Modeling Disease Processes in Marine Invertebrates

海洋无脊椎动物疾病过程建模理论基础的发展

• 批准号: 1216220
• 负责人: Eileen Hofmann
• 金额: $ 128.01万
• 依托单位: Old Dominion University Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-15 至 2016-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1216220&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Theoretical; Basis; Modeling; Disease

The general question of how epizootics are initiated and terminated in marine invertebrate populations and how this process is supported by transmission provides a basis for expanding the evaluation of marine disease outbreaks. Addressing this question requires development of a theoretical framework for disease transmission among invertebrates in marine systems. Such a framework will contribute to the general advancement of the understanding of the Ecology of Marine Infectious Diseases (EMID). This proposal outlines a combined experimental and modeling effort that will provide a general theory for marine invertebrate diseases. The model will be informed using Dermo disease, caused by Perkinsus marinus, in Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica), as an experimental system. However, the model will be applicable to all sessile or nearly sessile species whose movement is restricted to small scales (e.g. bivalves, gastropods, sea urchins, corals) and to a range of hydrodynamic regimes from estuaries to lagoons to coral reef tracts. This project is interdisciplinary and is integrated across several disciplines. The team has a unique mixture of expertise in molluscan pathology and epizootiology, genetics, and modeling of coastal and estuarine systems, disease processes and the genetic milieu, as well as a long history of successful collaborative research. By integrating our expertise across disciplines, this project promises to provide novel insights into the disease transmission process for infectious diseases that are poorly described by traditional susceptible-infected-resistant models built upon contact rates. This deficiency in modeling disease transmission is widespread across many taxa of sessile marine organisms. The project also responds to the recommendations in EMID workshops for the development of general frameworks for marine diseases that can be applied to specific systems and to understanding the determinants of transmission of diseases and the spread of pathogens by environmental factors. The results of this project will provide an important advancement in the theoretical basis for modeling diseases and disease transmission in marine systems. This project will contribute to the training of students and early career scientists in disciplines of genetics, pathology, genomics, and population and circulation modeling that is needed to solve many of the important problems associated with fisheries and marine coastal systems. Project results will be disseminated through scientific conferences, publication in the peer-review literature, and websites. Project results will be used in ongoing outreach efforts through a collaborative outreach program between the Department of STEM Education and the Center for Coastal Physical Oceanography at Old Dominion University. Additional outreach will be through the Partnership for the Delaware Estuary and the Bayshore Discovery Project, organizations engaged in public outreach for Delaware Bay.

动物流行病如何在海洋无脊椎动物种群中引发和终止以及传播如何支持这一过程的一般问题为扩大海洋疾病暴发的评估提供了基础。解决这个问题需要建立海洋系统无脊椎动物之间疾病传播的理论框架。这样的框架将有助于全面推进对海洋传染病生态学（EMID）的理解。该提案概述了实验和建模相结合的工作，将为海洋无脊椎动物疾病提供一般理论。该模型将使用东方牡蛎（Crassostrea virginica）中由 Perkinsus marinus 引起的 Dermo 疾病作为实验系统。然而，该模型将适用于所有无柄或近无柄物种，其运动仅限于小规模（例如双壳类、腹足类、海胆、珊瑚）以及从河口到泻湖再到珊瑚礁区的一系列水动力状况。该项目是跨学科的，并且整合了多个学科。该团队在软体动物病理学和动物流行病学、遗传学、沿海和河口系统建模、疾病过程和遗传环境方面拥有独特的专业知识，以及成功合作研究的悠久历史。通过整合我们跨学科的专业知识，该项目有望为传染病的疾病传播过程提供新颖的见解，而基于接触率建立的传统易感感染者耐药模型很难描述这些疾病。这种疾病传播建模的缺陷在许多固着海洋生物类群中普遍存在。该项目还响应了 EMID 研讨会的建议，即制定可应用于特定系统的海洋疾病总体框架，并了解环境因素造成的疾病传播和病原体传播的决定因素。该项目的结果将为海洋系统疾病和疾病传播建模的理论基础提供重要进展。该项目将有助于对遗传学、病理学、基因组学以及人口和循环模型学科的学生和早期职业科学家进行培训，这些学科是解决与渔业和海洋沿海系统相关的许多重要问题所必需的。项目结果将通过科学会议、同行评审文献和网站上的出版物进行传播。项目成果将通过 STEM 教育部和奥多明尼恩大学沿海物理海洋学中心之间的合作外展计划用于持续的外展工作。其他外展活动将通过特拉华河口合作伙伴关系和海湾发现项目进行，这些组织致力于特拉华湾的公共外展活动。