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Development of Polymer/Inorganic Nanocomposites Processing Based on an in situ Non-Aqueous Sol-Gel Technology

基于原位非水溶胶-凝胶技术的聚合物/无机纳米复合材料加工的发展

基本信息

批准号：
135372457
负责人：
Professor Dr.-Ing. Christian Hopmann, since 8/2011
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Kunststoffverarbeitung (IKV) in Industrie und Handwerk an der RWTH Aachen
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2008-12-31 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/135372457?language=en
关键词：
Development Polymer Inorganic Nanocomposites Processing

项目摘要

Polymer composites containing nanoscale particles have been shown to exhibit properties which differ from and are even superior to those of microparticle blends. In contrast, the formation of blends is hampered by high viscosities and difficulty in achieving a homogeneous particle distribution without agglomeration. In this project application, we propose a new route for preparing polymer nanocomposites based on in situ formation of silica nanosized particles in the polymer matrix during processing. Non-volatile, hydrophobic hyperbranched polyalkoxysiloxanes are employed as silica precursors. The polymeric precursors are tailored for optimum compatibility and processing of polypropylene. Control of the transformation of the polyethoxysiloxane to SiO2-x(OH)2x can efficiently reduce the viscosity of the polymer melt during processing and achieve particle concentrations of more than 10 wt.-% with particle sizes smaller than 50 nm. Whereas pure polyethoxysiloxanes yield spherical silica particles, the in situ creation of layered silicates will be attempted by adding magnesium or aluminium and potassium or ammonium salts, and by using long alkyl-modified polyethoxysiloxanes. The non-aqueous solgel technology developed in this work will be transferred to a continuous process using a corotating intermeshing twin-screw extruder. The resulting nanocomposites will be further processed by injection moulding. Furthermore, the morphology and component properties as well as a complete process analysis will be studied by focussing on nucleation, stiffness and improved impact strength.

含有纳米级颗粒的聚合物复合材料已显示出与微粒共混物不同甚至上级的性能。相比之下，共混物的形成受到高粘度和难以实现均匀的颗粒分布而不附聚的阻碍。在这个项目的应用中，我们提出了一种新的路线，用于制备聚合物纳米复合材料的基础上原位形成的二氧化硅纳米粒子在聚合物基体中加工。使用非挥发性、疏水性超支化聚烷氧基硅氧烷作为二氧化硅前体。聚合物前体是为聚丙烯的最佳相容性和加工而定制的。控制聚乙氧基硅氧烷向SiO2-x（OH）2x的转化可以有效地降低加工过程中聚合物熔体的粘度，并实现大于10重量%的颗粒浓度粒径小于50纳米。尽管纯聚乙氧基硅氧烷产生球形二氧化硅颗粒，但将通过添加镁或铝和钾盐或铵盐以及通过使用长链烷基改性的聚乙氧基硅氧烷来尝试原位产生层状硅酸盐。在这项工作中开发的非水溶胶凝胶技术将被转移到一个连续的过程中使用同向啮合双螺杆挤出机。所得的纳米复合材料将通过注塑成型进一步加工。此外，形态和组分特性以及完整的工艺分析将通过重点关注成核，刚度和改进的冲击强度进行研究。