Probing Large-Scale Structure via Millimeter-Wavelength Measurements of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in Clusters of Galaxies

现今星系的分布是不均匀的。宇宙微波背景（CNB）时的宇宙是各向同性和光滑的。现代宇宙学的一个关键问题是两者的调和。CMB为可观测的宇宙提供了极其均匀的背光。当人们通过星系团观察CMB时，CMB的光谱是扭曲的，因为CMB与星系团中被引力束缚的热电离等离子体相互作用。这种效应被称为Sunyaev-Zel'dovitch效应。热等离子体中电子的热和体速度产生光谱畸变，只能通过100至300千兆赫的多频率观测来区分。丘奇博士正在继续一个研究项目，使用Sunyaev-Zel'dovitch红外实验（SuZIE）。这是一个辐射热测量阵列接收器，观测143,217,350 GHz。该仪器用于高精度测量SZ效应的热分量和运动学分量。丘奇博士正在将SZ在z大于或等于0.1处获得的特殊速度的样本扩展到60个样本，期望精度为每个星团250-700公里/秒；并测量了CMB的弧分尺度各向异性，精度为10 mK / 1.5'像素/ 0.5平方度，从而绘制了从l = 1000到3500的CMB功率谱

The present day distribution of galaxies is inhomogeneous. The universe at the time of the cosmic microwave background (CNB) is isotropic and smooth. A critical problem in modern cosmology is the reconciliation of the two. The CMB provides an extremely uniform back light to the observable universe. When one views the CMB through a cluster of galaxies, the CMB spectrum is distorted because the CMB interacts with the hot, ionized plasma that is gravitationally bound in clusters of galaxies. This effect is known as the Sunyaev-Zel'dovitch effect.. The thermal and bulk velocities of the electrons in the hot plasma produce spectral distortions that can be only distinguished from one another by multi frequency observations at 100 to 300 GHz. Dr. Church is continuing a program of research that uses the Sunyaev-Zel'dovitch Infrared Experiment (SuZIE). This is a bolometric array receiver that observes at 143, 217, 350 GHz. The instrument is designed to measure the thermal and kinematic components of the SZ effect with high precision. Dr. Church is extending the sample of SZ derived peculiar velocities at z greater than or equal to 0.1 to a sample of 60, with an expected precision of 250-700 km/s per cluster; and also measuring the arcminute scale anisotropy of the CMB with a precision of 10 mK per 1.5' pixel over 0.5 sq degree, thus mapping out the CMB power spectrum from l = 1000 to 3500.***