Introducing Chemical Transport Phenomena in Soils into the Undergraduate Civil Engineering Curriculum

将土壤中的化学输运现象引入本科土木工程课程

• 批准号: 9980866
• 负责人: Ning Lu
• 金额: $ 6.26万
• 依托单位: Colorado School of Mines
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-02-01 至 2002-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9980866&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Introducing; Chemical; Transport; Phenomena; Soils

Engineering - Civil (54) The objective of this project is to establish a curriculum change in undergraduate civil engineering education at the Colorado School of Mines. The changes reflect a major shift in civil engineering practice by filling the gap between current textbooks and engineering practice. Over the last two decades, geotechnical engineering, a sub-discipline of civil engineering, has experienced radical changes. Traditional focus on the stability of structural foundations is now supplemented with environmental considerations such as soil contamination and subsurface waste isolation. As a result, today's geotechnical engineers must deal with soil chemistry in engineering practice, a subject typically excluded from formal undergraduate education. Furthermore, all of the soil mechanics textbooks currently in use at the undergraduate level in the United States cover little if any material on chemical transport phenomena in soils. It is, therefore, imperative to establish this major change in undergraduate curriculum.In this project, fundamental concepts of chemical transport phenomena in soils are being introduced into the companion courses "Soil Mechanics" and "Soil Mechanics Laboratory" by adapting and implementing two experiments illustrating chemical transport phenomena in soils: Chemical Diffusion Test for demonstrating chemical diffusion phenomena (after Shackelford at Colorado State University), and Chemical Osmosis Test for demonstrating chemical potential as a viable driving force for fluid flow (after an apparatus used at the US Geological Survey, Louisiana State University, and others). The physical phenomena of chemical diffusion underlying the first experiment is one of the dominating transport mechanisms in soils. The chemical potential governing fluid flow depicted by the second experiment becomes very significant when fine-grained soils such as clays are encountered. Comprehension of both mechanisms is critical for the full understanding of today's environmental design issues such as contaminated soil remediation and underground waste containment. Currently, both Soil Mechanics and Soil Mechanics Laboratory are compulsory courses in all civil engineering curricula in the United States. Because at Colorado School of Mines over one hundred students (reflecting 20% of seniors at CSM) are required to take both courses annually, the course curriculum change and laboratory implementation will have broad impacts campus wide as well as lasting impacts on students' careers. This project provides a testing ground for the feasibility and necessity of the proposed curriculum reform nationwide.

工程-土木（54）本项目的目标是在科罗拉多矿业学院的本科土木工程教育中建立课程改革。这些变化反映了土木工程实践的重大转变，填补了当前教科书和工程实践之间的差距。在过去的二十年里，岩土工程，土木工程的一个子学科，经历了根本性的变化。传统上对结构基础稳定性的关注现在得到了土壤污染和地下废物隔离等环境因素的补充。因此，今天的岩土工程师必须在工程实践中处理土壤化学，这是一个通常被排除在正规本科教育之外的学科。此外，目前在美国本科阶段使用的所有土壤力学教科书几乎没有涉及土壤中化学传输现象的任何材料。因此，必须在本科课程中建立这一重大变革。在该项目中，通过改编和实施两个说明土壤中化学迁移现象的实验，将土壤中化学迁移现象的基本概念引入配套课程“土壤力学”和“土壤力学实验室”：化学扩散试验用于演示化学扩散现象（以科罗拉多州立大学的沙克尔福德命名），和化学渗透测试，用于证明化学势作为流体流动的可行驱动力（在美国地质调查局、路易斯安那州立大学和其他机构使用的设备之后）。第一个实验所依据的化学扩散的物理现象是土壤中主要的迁移机制之一。当遇到细粒土（如粘土）时，第二个实验所描述的控制流体流动的化学势变得非常重要。这两种机制的理解是至关重要的今天的环境设计问题，如污染土壤修复和地下废物遏制的充分理解。目前，土力学和土力学实验是美国所有土木工程课程的必修课。因为在矿业的科罗拉多学校超过一百名学生（反映在CSM高年级学生的20%）每年都需要参加这两门课程，课程的课程变化和实验室的实施将有广泛的影响校园范围，以及对学生的职业生涯的持久影响。该项目为全国范围内课程改革的可行性和必要性提供了试验场。