CAREER: Reactivity of Green Rust Compounds in Natural and Engineered Systems

职业：天然和工程系统中绿锈化合物的反应性

• 批准号: 9983719
• 负责人: Michelle Scherer
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-06-01 至 2006-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9983719&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Reactivity; Green; Rust; Compounds

9983719 Scherer It is estimated that there are between 300,000 and 400,000 sites in the USA highly contaminated with a wide variety of toxic chemicals. Conventional cleanup practices have proved relatively ineffective and prohibitively costly, spurring a paradigm shift towards in situ cleanup technologies that rely on natural processes that act with little or no human intervention to reduce the mass, toxicity or mobility of contaminants in soil or groundwater. Recently the potential role of iron mineral surfaces in these systems has been recognized. Specifically, green rusts (a group of reduced iron compounds) has been shown to degrade a wide variety of priority pollutants and may be contributing to the degradation of pollutants in natural and engineered systems. The goal of this research project is to improve the assessment and performance of in situ remediation technologies by evaluating the potential role of green rusts. This will be accomplished by: (1) quantifying the reactivity of green rusts with a series of environmental contaminants, (2) investigating the mechanism by which green rusts transform contaminants and (3) determining the prevalence of green rusts in soil and groundwater. The prevalence and reactivity of green rusts will be evaluated using a combination of indirect (batch and column reactors) and direct (electrochemical and spectroscopic) methods. The kinetic data derived from this work will provide the first set of rate coefficients for reduction of these contaminants by green rusts. A number of subsurface environments will be sampled and analyzed and the oxides that form in column experiments will be characterized. The insights derived from these investigations will provide an improved basis for predicting the natural attenuation of contaminants and assessing the significance of green rusts in the performance of iron-based remediation technologies.The multifaceted nature of this research provides an excellent environment to introduce undergraduate students to the field of Environmental Engineering. A pilot program involving Undergraduate Women in Environmental Engineering Research will be launched to improve the retention, recruitment and advancement of women in engineering. By exposing women undergraduates to an active research environment and providing female graduate student and faculty role models, the PI hopes to retain and recruit bright, intellectually capable women in a field in which they are currently under-represented. ***

9983719谢勒据估计，美国有30万至40万个地点受到各种有毒化学品的高度污染。 传统的清理做法已被证明相对无效，成本过高，促使人们转向原位清理技术，这种技术依赖于自然过程，很少或根本没有人为干预，以减少土壤或地下水中污染物的质量，毒性或流动性。 最近，铁矿物表面在这些系统中的潜在作用已被认识到。 具体而言，绿色锈菌（一组还原铁化合物）已被证明可以降解各种优先污染物，并可能有助于自然和工程系统中污染物的降解。 本研究项目的目标是通过评估绿色锈菌的潜在作用来改进原位修复技术的评估和性能。 这将通过以下方式实现：（1）量化绿色锈菌与一系列环境污染物的反应性，（2）研究绿色锈菌转化污染物的机制，（3）确定绿色锈菌在土壤和地下水中的流行。 绿色锈病的流行和反应性将使用间接（分批和柱反应器）和直接（电化学和光谱）方法的组合进行评价。 从这项工作中得到的动力学数据将提供第一套速率系数减少这些污染物的绿色锈。 将对一些地下环境进行取样和分析，并对柱实验中形成的氧化物进行表征。 从这些调查中得出的见解将提供一个改进的基础，预测污染物的自然衰减和评估绿色锈的铁基修复technologies.The多方面的性质，这项研究提供了一个很好的环境，介绍本科生的环境工程领域的性能的意义。 将启动一个涉及环境工程研究本科妇女的试点方案，以改善工程领域妇女的留用、征聘和晋升。 通过让女本科生接触到一个积极的研究环境，并提供女研究生和教师的榜样，PI希望在一个目前代表性不足的领域留住和招募聪明、有智力的女性。***