Model Reference Current Injection: A High-Speed Next-Generation Dynamic Clamp

模型参考电流注入：高速下一代动态钳位

• 批准号: 9987074
• 负责人: Robert Butera
• 金额: $ 27.86万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-08-15 至 2004-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9987074&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Model; Reference; Current; Injection; Speed

Abstract ButeraThe "dynamic-clamp" is an electrophysiological technique developed in thepast decade that utilizes real-time voltage-measurements from electricallyexcitable cells, such as neurons and cardiac myocytes. These measurementsare used by a computational model running in real-time to compute artificialionic currents that are injected into (the same or another) excitable cells. Applications of this technique include augmenting the intrinsic electricalproperties of a single cell or using the computer to connect isolated cellsto create an artificial network consisting of real neurons and computedsynapses. This approach has seen growing use in the neuroscience andcardiac electrophysiology communities. However, the technique is nontrivialto implement and off-the-shelf (turnkey) approaches have not kept pace withrapidly changing computing technologies. Furthermore, although manylaboratories have used this technique, little research has been done toevaulate its accuracy and validity.The objective of this application is to develop a next-generation systemthat implements the dynamic-clamp tecnique and utilizes currently avaiablecomputing technologies. This technique will be low-cost, using computersand electrophysiolgical hardware available in most neurophysiologicallaboratories; fully-featured, allowing for very high speeds (with a goal of100 kHz), arbitrary model specifications, and real-time data logging on thecontrol computer; and open-source, meaning that the software and operatingsystem upon which it is based are freely distributable and freely modifiableto suit a laboratory's specific needs. Conventional desktop operatingsystems are unsuitable for real-time performance in the 10's of kHz range,thus this project will use Real-Time Linux, a derivative of the Linuxoperating system modified for performing real-time tasks, to achieve thesegoals. The specific objectives of this project are to develop a corereal-time control computational engine based on Real-Time Linux, develop auser interface and mechanism for arbitrary model specification, and performrigorous testing of the accuracy and validity of the technique.This technology will impact the neuroscience and electrophysiology fields ofresearch in several ways. First, it will make the technique available tomore researchers, with a greater array of features available. Second, theincreased speed of this approach will allow new experiments to be performedusing the dynamic clamp, such as those involving membrane processes withsubmillisecond time-constants, such as sodium currents in cardiac myocytesand synaptic currents from fast AMPA synapses.

摘要 Butera“动态钳”是一种在过去十年中发展起来的电生理学技术，它利用神经元和心肌细胞等可电兴奋细胞的实时电压测量。 这些测量结果由实时运行的计算模型用来计算注入（相同或另一个）可兴奋细胞的人工离子电流。该技术的应用包括增强单个细胞的固有电特性或使用计算机连接孤立的细胞以创建由真实神经元和计算突触组成的人工网络。 这种方法在神经科学和心脏电生理学领域的应用越来越多。 然而，该技术的实施并不简单，而且现成的（交钥匙）方法未能跟上快速变化的计算技术的步伐。 此外，虽然许多实验室已经使用了这种技术，但很少有研究来评估其准确性和有效性。本应用的目标是开发一种实现动态钳位技术并利用当前可用计算技术的下一代系统。 这项技术成本低廉，使用大多数神经生理学实验室提供的计算机和电生理硬件；功能齐全，可实现非常高的速度（目标为 100 kHz）、任意型号规格以及控制计算机上的实时数据记录；开源，这意味着它所基于的软件和操作系统可以自由分发和自由修改，以满足实验室的特定需求。传统的桌面操作系统不适合 10 kHz 范围内的实时性能，因此该项目将使用 Real-Time Linux（为执行实时任务而修改的 Linux 操作系统的衍生版本）来实现这些目标。 该项目的具体目标是开发基于Real-Time Linux的核心实时控制计算引擎，开发任意模型规范的用户界面和机制，并对技术的准确性和有效性进行严格的测试。该技术将从多个方面影响神经科学和电生理学的研究领域。 首先，它将让更多研究人员可以使用该技术，并提供更多功能。 其次，这种方法速度的提高将允许使用动态钳进行新的实验，例如涉及亚毫秒时间常数的膜过程的实验，例如心肌细胞中的钠电流和来自快速 AMPA 突触的突触电流。