JGOFS/SMP: Modeling Microbial Processes and Dissolved Organic Matter: A Case Study of the U.S. JGOFS Time Series Station ALOHA

模拟微生物过程和溶解有机物：以US-JGOFS时间序列站aloha为例研究海洋生物地球化学的物理-生物耦合模型的发展受到几个关键知识空白的阻碍。浮游生物模型试图将“微生物环”和溶解的有机物质纳入其中，但使用的公式高度不确定，没有考虑到过去十年中出现的大量新信息，并且没有显示出比海洋碳循环模型相互比较项目协议中使用的简单经验公式具有更强的预测能力。由于这些过程在海洋生物地球化学循环中发挥着重要作用，因此开发更现实的这一组成部分的模型对于开发具有预测元素收支机制基础的全球模型至关重要。在JGOFS的时间序列研究站点中，夏威夷海洋时间序列（HOT）受到建模者的关注最少。HOT的观测结果与浮游生物生态学的既定范式（季节性对流、硝酸盐生产、作为主要消费者的后生动物浮游动物）在一定程度上偏离了浮游生物模型。HOT数据库提供了一个前所未有的机会来验证一个更现实的模型，因为在整个HOT项目中，对溶解有机物质的观测是常规的，并且已经观察到这些物质的显著年际变化。尽管一维（深度时间）模拟存在显著的不确定性，但三维模拟的高计算成本使得生物子模型的广泛验证实验在这种情况下不切实际。此外，HOT数据库本身是欧拉式的，并且已经观测到海洋生物地球化学的显著年际变化。要对这种可变性进行有意义的模拟，不仅需要一个浮游生物种群生物学的机制模型，还需要一个在分解者循环中发现的生物和化学之间的界面的机制模型。pi将使用HOT数据库来开发和测试这样一个模型。

Modeling microbial processes and dissolved organic matter: a case study at the US-JGOFS time series Station ALOHAThe development of coupled physical-biological models of ocean biogeochemistry is hampered by several critical knowledge gaps. Plankton models have attempted to incorporate the "microbial loop" and dissolved organic substances, but have done so using formulations that are highly uncertain, do not take into consideration a great deal of new information that has emerged over the past decade, and have not been shown to have greater predictive power than simple empirical formulations used in e.g. the Ocean Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project protocols. As these processes play a significant role in biogeochemical cycling in the oceans, the development of more realistic models of this component of the community is critical to the development of global models that have a mechanistic basis for predicting elemental budgets.Of the JGOFS time-series study sites, the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT) has received the least attention from modelers. Observations at HOT deviate strongly from established paradigms of plankton ecology (seasonal convection, nitrate-based production, metazoan zooplankton as primary consumers) that are to some extent assumed in plankton models. The HOT data base provides an unprecedented opportunity to validate a more realistic model, as observations of dissolved organic substances have been made routinely throughout the HOT project, and significant interannual variability in these has been observed. Although there are significant uncertainties associated with one dimensional (depth-time) simulation, the high computational cost of three dimensional simulations makes extensive validation experiments with biological submodels impractical in such a context. In addition, the HOT data base is itself Eulerian, and significant interannual variability in ocean biogeochemistry has already been observed. To provide a meaningful simulation of such variability requires a mechanistic model not only of plankton population biology, but of the interface between biology and chemistry that is found in the decomposer loop. The PIs will use the HOT database to develop and test such a model.