JGOFS/SMP: Modeling Microbial Processes and Dissolved Organic Matter: A Case Study of the U.S. JGOFS Time Series Station ALOHA

模拟微生物过程和溶解有机物：美国-JGOFS时间序列站ALOHAT的案例研究海洋生物地球化学的耦合物理-生物模型的发展受到几个关键知识空白的阻碍。浮游生物模型试图纳入“微生物环”和溶解有机物质，但使用的配方高度不确定，没有考虑到过去十年出现的大量新信息，也没有证明比海洋碳循环模型比较项目议定书中使用的简单经验配方具有更大的预测能力。由于这些过程在海洋中的生物地球化学循环中发挥着重要作用，开发社区这一组成部分的更现实的模型对于开发具有预测基本预算的机制基础的全球模型至关重要。在JGOFS时间序列研究站点中，夏威夷海洋时间序列(HOT)受到建模人员的关注最少。对高温的观测严重偏离了浮游生物生态的既定模式(季节对流、基于硝酸盐的生产、后生浮游动物为主要消费者)，在某种程度上，浮游生物模型假定这些模式。HART数据库为验证更现实的模型提供了前所未有的机会，因为在整个HART项目中对溶解有机物质进行了常规观测，并且观察到了这些物质的显著年际变化。尽管一维(深度-时间)模拟存在很大的不确定性，但三维模拟的高计算成本使得在这种情况下使用生物子模型进行广泛的验证实验是不现实的。此外，热点数据库本身是欧拉的，已经观察到海洋生物地球化学的显著年际变化。为了对这种变异性提供有意义的模拟，不仅需要浮游生物种群生物学的机械模型，而且需要分解环中发现的生物和化学之间的界面的机械模型。投资促进局将使用HOT数据库来开发和测试这种模型。

Modeling microbial processes and dissolved organic matter: a case study at the US-JGOFS time series Station ALOHAThe development of coupled physical-biological models of ocean biogeochemistry is hampered by several critical knowledge gaps. Plankton models have attempted to incorporate the "microbial loop" and dissolved organic substances, but have done so using formulations that are highly uncertain, do not take into consideration a great deal of new information that has emerged over the past decade, and have not been shown to have greater predictive power than simple empirical formulations used in e.g. the Ocean Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project protocols. As these processes play a significant role in biogeochemical cycling in the oceans, the development of more realistic models of this component of the community is critical to the development of global models that have a mechanistic basis for predicting elemental budgets.Of the JGOFS time-series study sites, the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT) has received the least attention from modelers. Observations at HOT deviate strongly from established paradigms of plankton ecology (seasonal convection, nitrate-based production, metazoan zooplankton as primary consumers) that are to some extent assumed in plankton models. The HOT data base provides an unprecedented opportunity to validate a more realistic model, as observations of dissolved organic substances have been made routinely throughout the HOT project, and significant interannual variability in these has been observed. Although there are significant uncertainties associated with one dimensional (depth-time) simulation, the high computational cost of three dimensional simulations makes extensive validation experiments with biological submodels impractical in such a context. In addition, the HOT data base is itself Eulerian, and significant interannual variability in ocean biogeochemistry has already been observed. To provide a meaningful simulation of such variability requires a mechanistic model not only of plankton population biology, but of the interface between biology and chemistry that is found in the decomposer loop. The PIs will use the HOT database to develop and test such a model.