Solar Radiation Processes on the East Antarctic Plateau

这个项目是在东南极洲的法国-意大利站Dome C附近对太阳辐射过程进行的一项实验研究。它将与法国格勒诺布尔的冰川学和地球物理环境实验室合作进行。重点将放在雪对阳光的反射，以及阳光通过云的传输。这些观测将与气候、遥感和冰雪物理有关。将测量太阳辐射通过云的光谱（窄带）和宽带传输，这些测量将用于获得有效的云光学深度，以便在气候模式应用中估计云辐射强迫。将发展一种仅从太阳辐射计获得这种资料的方法，以便分析南极内部太阳辐射观测的历史记录，以获得有关云的气候资料。对雪表面反射的太阳辐射的角度图的观测将使卫星导出的大气剖面信息得到验证。通过大气辐射传输模拟，将实测的地表反射函数与NOAA系列极轨卫星上的advadvanced Vidicon高分辨率辐射计（AVHRR）获得的经验函数进行协调。最后，对积雪反照率的光谱峰进行精确定位，以解决纯冰在可见光到近紫外波段光谱吸收的差异。

0003826WarrenThis project is an experimental study of solar radiation processes near the surface at Dome C, the French-Italian station in East Antarctica. It will be carried out in cooperation with the Labortatoire de Glaciologie et Geophysique de l'Environment in Grenoble, France. The emphasis will be on the reflection of sunlight by snow, and the transmission of sunlight through clouds. The observations will have relevance to climate, remote sensing, and the physics of ice and snow. Both spectral (narrow-band) and broadhead transmissions of solar radiation through clouds will be measured, and these measurements will be used to obtain effective cloud optical depths for use in estimating cloud radiative forcing with applications in climate models. A method to obtain this information from pyranometers alone will be developed so that the historical record of solar radiation observations in the antarctic interior can be analyzed for climatological information on clouds.Observations of the angular pattern of solar radiation reflected from the snow surface will allow the validation of satellite-derived atmospheric profile information. The measured surface reflection functions will be reconciled with the empirical functions obtained from Advanced Vidicon High Resolution Radiometers (AVHRR) on the NOAA series of polar orbiting satellites by radiative transfer modeling through the atmosphere. Finally, the spectral peak of snow albedo will be accurately located in order to resolve a discrepancy concerning the spectral absorption of pure ice in the visible to near-ultraviolet range.