Immigrant Amplification and Population Dynamics of Fungi on Leaf Islands

叶岛上真菌的移民扩增和种群动态

• 批准号: 0075358
• 负责人: John Andrews
• 金额: $ 25.8万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-10-15 至 2004-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0075358&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Immigrant; Amplification; Population; Dynamics; Fungi

Microorganisms that grow within or upon leaves alternate between a life cycle phase associated with the leaf, a transport phase in the atmosphere, and growth on another leaf of the same or different plant species. This project seeks to explain, both by mathematical models and experimental tests, how a resident population of microbes can be elevated synergistically by the influx of relatively small numbers of immigrant microbe cells to the leaf. The models will be tested by examination of natural and experimentally enhanced levels of a yeast- like fungus, Aureobasidium pullulans, on apple leaf surfaces. The field tests will be facilitated by use of molecular marker methods, which allow the background population of A. pullulans to be discriminated from the introduced immigrant population.This project has two significant scientific implications. First, it may help explain how populations of species survive and compete in nature in isolated patches when the number of immigrants is small relative to the size of the extant population. Second, microbes inhabiting leaves cause important plant diseases. These pathogens share many of the features of A. pullulans. Therefore, this system should give greater quantitative insight into the biology and epidemiology of microbial plant diseases.

生长在叶片内或叶片上的微生物在与叶片相关的生命周期阶段、在大气中的运输阶段和在同一或不同植物物种的另一片叶子上生长之间交替进行。该项目试图通过数学模型和实验测试来解释，微生物的常驻种群是如何通过相对少量的移民微生物细胞流入树叶而协同增加的。这些模型将通过对苹果叶片表面的一种类似酵母的真菌——普鲁兰小孢子菌的天然和实验增强水平的检测来检验。利用分子标记方法，可以将普鲁兰的背景种群与引进的移民种群区分开来，从而为现场试验提供便利。这个项目有两个重要的科学意义。首先，它可能有助于解释当外来移民的数量相对于现存种群的规模较小时，物种种群如何在孤立的斑块中生存和竞争。其次，寄生在叶子上的微生物会引起重要的植物病害。这些病原体与普鲁兰芽孢杆菌有许多共同的特征。因此，该系统应能更深入地定量了解植物微生物病害的生物学和流行病学。