ITR: Environment-Aware Communication for Mobile Grouped Devices

ITR：移动分组设备的环境感知通信

• 批准号: 0081308
• 负责人: Robin Kravets
• 金额: $ 49.74万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0081308&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ITR; Environment; Aware; Communication; Mobile

Advances in processor technology, both in increased processing power and decreased energyconsumption, have led to the creation of a new breed of small intelligent devices from tinylaptops, to PDAs, to smart phones, to wearable computers made from a collection of smallindependent devices. The advent of such devices and wearable computers brings to light newpossibilities and new needs, specifically: cooperation among devices and elimination of cables.The development of short-range radio technology, such as Bluetooth, enables the cooperation ofsuch devices over wireless links. As users collect multiple small computing devices, the amountof communication resources available to the user increases and so the demand for coordination ofresources between these devices increases. The overhead of this coordination may tax theavailable bandwidth and energy resources of the devices. The goal of this research is to supportsuch cooperation and coordination through intelligent communication management with anemphasis on the efficient use of available resources.As the user moves between different environments, these MObile grouPEd Devices (MOPEDs)cooperate as a coordinated local area network that provides the user the desired mobile services.This cooperation and coordination between a single user's devices changes the definition of whatit means to communicate with a user. With a MOPED, communicating with any of the devices inthe MOPED represents a successful connection to the local area network, and so to the individual.In order to better support the needs of the user, the MOPED may interact with networks in thecurrent environment surrounding the user in order to determine the availability of local services.The researchers' approach relies on decision algorithms; services and protocols for determining what communication channels are available to which devices, as well as resource and qualityinformation about such channels. The researchers address four major challenges faced in the design of such a solution.1) Channel Discovery: The researchers propose the design of intelligent service discovery protocols based on the requirements of the user and the tradeoff between having currentinformation about the availability of communication channels with the overhead inresources (i.e. bandwidth and power) used to acquire that information.2) Resource Monitoring: The researchers propose the design of a distributed resource informationrepository, which is a database internal to the MOPED. The algorithms governing thedissemination of resource information to devices in the MOPED must take intoconsideration the topology of the network, the energy and bandwidth availability of eachdevice, and the priority at which each device actually needs the information.3) Resource Allocation: The researchers propose the design of intelligent transport and routingprotocols able to use the resource availability information to determine which and howmany of the MOPED's external channels to use to complete a specific connection.4) Mobility Management: The researchers propose mobility management techniques to provide the ability for external users to communicate with the user, and so the devices of theMOPED, wherever it is currently connected to the Internet and propose the design ofmobility management protocols based on the current technology for host mobility.The results of the research will enable simultaneous connections through all availablecommunication channels. This creates a very robust environment, where it becomes easier toguarantee complete communication coverage. It allows using MOPEDs for critical tasks such aspatient monitoring where it is important to maintain connectivity at all time, through there may besome flexibility in the amount of data that is transferred as well as the importance of that data. Ifthe communication patterns of such a MOPED are not well monitored, certain devices mayunacceptably lose power due to inefficient connection management.

处理器技术的进步，无论是处理能力的提高还是能耗的降低，都导致了新型小型智能设备的诞生，从微型笔记本电脑到 PDA、智能手机，再到由一系列小型独立设备组成的可穿戴计算机。此类设备和可穿戴计算机的出现带来了新的可能性和新的需求，特别是：设备之间的协作和消除电缆。蓝牙等短距离无线电技术的发展使得此类设备能够通过无线链路进行协作。随着用户收集多个小型计算设备，用户可用的通信资源量增加，因此对这些设备之间的资源协调的需求增加。这种协调的开销可能会加重设备的可用带宽和能源资源的负担。本研究的目标是通过智能通信管理支持这种合作和协调，重点是有效利用可用资源。当用户在不同环境之间移动时，这些移动分组设备 (MOPED) 作为协调的局域网进行合作，为用户提供所需的移动服务。单个用户设备之间的这种合作和协调改变了与用户通信的定义。对于MOPED，与MOPED中的任何设备进行通信就代表了与局域网的成功连接，对个人来说也是如此。为了更好地支持用户的需求，MOPED可以与用户周围当前环境中的网络进行交互，以确定本地服务的可用性。研究人员的方法依赖于决策算法；用于确定哪些通信通道可供哪些设备使用的服务和协议，以及有关此类通道的资源和质量信息。研究人员解决了设计此类解决方案时面临的四个主要挑战。 1) 信道发现：研究人员提出了基于用户需求的智能服务发现协议的设计，以及有关通信信道可用性的当前信息与用于获取该信息的资源开销（即带宽和功率）之间的权衡。 2) 资源监控：研究人员提出了分布式资源信息存储库的设计，这是一个 MOPED 内部的数据库。管理向 MOPED 中的设备传播资源信息的算法必须考虑网络拓扑、每个设备的能量和带宽可用性以及每个设备实际需要信息的优先级。3）资源分配：研究人员提出了智能传输和路由协议的设计，能够使用资源可用性信息来确定使用哪些和多少个 MOPED 外部通道来传输资源。 4）移动性管理：研究人员提出移动性管理技术，为外部用户提供与用户通信的能力，因此MOPED的设备，无论其当前连接到互联网的何处，并提出基于当前主机移动性技术的移动性管理协议的设计。研究结果将能够通过所有可用的通信通道实现同时连接。这创建了一个非常强大的环境，可以更轻松地保证完整的通信覆盖范围。它允许使用 MOPED 执行关键任务，例如患者监护，在这种任务中，始终保持连接非常重要，因为传输的数据量以及数据的重要性可能具有一定的灵活性。如果这种 MOPED 的通信模式没有得到很好的监控，某些设备可能会由于低效的连接管理而出现不可接受的断电情况。