Doctoral Dissertation Research: Shifting Gender Relations and the Transformation of the Social Spaces of Moroccan Women

博士论文研究：性别关系的转变与摩洛哥妇女社会空间的转变

• 批准号: 0082253
• 负责人: Victoria Lawson
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2002-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0082253&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Shifting; Gender

Many stereotypes exist regarding the status and situation of women. Within the U.S. and other "western" nations, for example, women in Arab nations frequently are assumed to have their identities primarily constructed or influenced by Islam. Corollaries to this assumption are views that all Arabs are Muslim, that all Muslims are Arab, and that Muslim women are more oppressed and less emancipated than their "western" counterparts. This extreme oversimplification of the vastly complex and diverse histories and people in the Arab world perpetuates a situation of misunderstanding and ignorance between countries of the region and elsewhere. This doctoral dissertation research project will investigate the processes underlying Moroccan women's spatial practices and identity strategies in urban areas in France and Morocco. The study will focus on understanding how Moroccan women from different socioeconomic situations use space differently and how power and gender relations in households and urban areas come together to influence their mobilities, daily spatial practices, and identity strategies in different places. The concept of spatial practices as used in this study refer to the ways that women occupy and move through spaces in different ways, such as. using chaperons to go to cafes, walking in groups, using taxis as opposed to buses, socializing in particular parks, and avoiding streets at night. Identity strategies pertain to ways that women may mobilize certain aspects of their identity, such as accentuating or downplaying particular codes of dress, notions of femininity, questions of ethnicity or class, and political alliances. The comparative aspect of this research will allow for a consideration of the ways in which different national-cultural and socioeconomic contexts (France vs. Morocco, poor vs. non-poor) affect the degree and modes of Moroccan women's mobilities. Working in Montpellier, France, and Rabat, Morocco, qualitative research methods will be employed to gather primary data on a small number of Moroccan women's daily lives. Intensive in-depth interviews will be combined with time-geography diaries by working with female and male members of a limited number of Moroccan households on several different occasions. Time-geographies will be collected from all individuals interviewed. Interviews will be analyzed alongside time-geographies in an effort to understand the processes that influence women's mobilities, spatial practices, and identity strategies in urban areas in both France and Morocco. These data will be supplemented with daily participant observation and field notes, archival records, newspapers, and statistical sources. This study will contribute to theoretical debates currently taking place around questions of the role that place and mobility play in the construction of modern gender identities. It will shed light on the ways that different characteristics of the settings where women live influences their spatial behavior and identities. Understanding the factors that influence Moroccan women's spatial practices and identity strategies in France and Morocco will provide insight into how these women understand their own modern lives in a way that allows them to cope with the pressures and contradictions of contemporary urban life. As a Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement award, this award also will provide support to enable a promising student to establish a strong independent research career.

关于妇女的地位和状况，存在着许多定型观念。 例如，在美国和其他“西方”国家，阿拉伯国家的妇女经常被认为主要是由伊斯兰教构建或影响她们的身份。 这一假设的推论是，所有阿拉伯人都是穆斯林，所有穆斯林都是阿拉伯人，穆斯林妇女比“西方”妇女更受压迫，更不解放。 这种对阿拉伯世界极其复杂和多样的历史和人民的极端简单化，使该区域各国和其他地区各国之间的误解和无知状况长期存在。 本博士论文研究项目将调查在法国和摩洛哥城市地区的摩洛哥妇女的空间实践和身份战略的过程。 该研究将侧重于了解来自不同社会经济状况的摩洛哥妇女如何以不同的方式使用空间，以及家庭和城市地区的权力和性别关系如何共同影响他们在不同地方的流动性，日常空间实践和身份战略。 本研究中使用的空间实践概念是指妇女以不同方式占据和移动空间的方式，例如。使用监护人去咖啡馆，集体行走，使用出租车而不是公共汽车，在特定的公园社交，以及避免在夜间街道。 身份战略涉及妇女可能调动其身份的某些方面的方式，例如强调或淡化特定的着装规范、女性特征的概念、种族或阶级问题以及政治联盟。 这项研究的比较方面将允许考虑不同的民族文化和社会经济背景（法国与摩洛哥，贫穷与非贫穷）影响摩洛哥妇女流动的程度和模式的方式。 将在法国蒙彼利埃和摩洛哥拉巴特开展工作，采用定性研究方法收集关于少数摩洛哥妇女日常生活的原始数据。 密集的深入访谈将与时间-地理日记相结合，在几个不同的场合与有限数量的摩洛哥家庭的男女成员合作。 将从所有受访者那里收集时间地理信息。 访谈将与时间-地理一起进行分析，以了解影响法国和摩洛哥城市地区妇女流动性、空间实践和身份战略的过程。 这些数据将以每日参与者观察和实地记录、档案记录、报纸和统计来源作为补充。 这项研究将有助于理论辩论，目前正在发生的地方和流动性在现代性别身份的建设中发挥的作用的问题。 它将阐明妇女生活的环境的不同特征如何影响她们的空间行为和身份。 了解影响摩洛哥妇女在法国和摩洛哥的空间实践和身份战略的因素，将提供深入了解这些妇女如何理解自己的现代生活的方式，使他们能够科普当代城市生活的压力和矛盾。作为博士论文研究改进奖，该奖项还将提供支持，使有前途的学生建立一个强大的独立的研究生涯。