Road Transportation as complex adaptive systems: An exploratory conceptual framework to study road traffic patterns, accessibility, mobility, connectivity and congestion/emission

道路交通作为复杂的自适应系统：研究道路交通模式、可达性、流动性、连通性和拥堵/排放的探索性概念框架

• 批准号: 0085981
• 负责人: Raj Kulkarni
• 金额: $ 8万
• 依托单位: George Mason University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0085981&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Road; Transportation; complex; adaptive; systems

This award is made under the Exploratory Research on Engineering the Transport Industries (ETI) program solicitation We propose to study transportation as complex adaptive systems (CAS). It is our intent to carry out exploratory research and analysis of various aspects of highway and road transportation systems. The topics for exploratory research and some of the methods used to analyze them are borrowed from many disciplines. They are as mentioned below: (1) The hidden order in apparently random daily urban highway traffic patterns based on algorithmic entropy (Kolmogorov entroy). (2) Connectivity of Transportation Network as a fractal dimension derived from river flow networks and fractal geometry models. (3) Accessibility and mobility based on site and bond percolation theory. (4) Emergence of long-term traffic patterns based on NK models of evolutionary biology. (5) Congestion as a second order phase change based on spin glass theory and emission as a collective outcome of distributed agents modeled after neural networks. (6) Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP) and urban activities/transport systems based on models of self-organized criticality.We believe that the interdisciplinary research and analysis of transportation systems will offer insights into Complexity and Transportation fields. It is hoped that this would in turn spur interest in development of new traffic flow and transportation models that address the issue of how micro level interactions give rise to macro level behavior and the phenomenon of phase change.

该奖项是根据交通运输行业工程探索性研究（ETI）计划征集，我们建议将交通运输作为复杂适应系统（CAS）进行研究。 我们打算对公路和公路运输系统的各个方面进行探索性研究和分析。 探索性研究的主题和一些用于分析它们的方法是从许多学科中借鉴来的。 它们是： (1)基于算法熵（Kolmogorov entroy）的城市道路交通模式中的隐藏顺序。 (2)交通网络连通度的分形维数是从河流网络和分形几何模型中推导出来的。 (3)基于位置和键渗透理论的可及性和流动性。 (4)基于进化生物学NK模型的长期交通模式的出现。 (5)拥塞是基于自旋玻璃理论的二阶相变，而排放是基于神经网络建模的分布式代理的集体结果。 (6)基于自组织临界性模型的可修改区域单元问题（MAUP）和城市活动/交通系统。我们相信，交通系统的跨学科研究和分析将为复杂性和交通领域提供见解。 人们希望这将反过来刺激新的交通流和运输模型的发展，解决微观层面的相互作用如何引起宏观层面的行为和相变现象的问题的兴趣。