SGER: Development of in Situ Techniques for Quantifying Rates of Feeding, House Production and House Flux by Appendicularians

SGER：开发现场技术，用于量化 Appendologicians 的采食率、鸡舍产量和鸡舍流量

• 批准号: 0086229
• 负责人: Marsh Youngbluth
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-01-01 至 2001-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0086229&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Development; Situ; Techniques; Quantifying

The contribution of midwater appendicularians to particle dynamics remains understudied in marine food webs. This project will develop in situ submersible-based techniques that will lead to more detailed, long-term investigations of the ecological role of species with relatively large houses (1-30 cm diameter). These species are poorly known but ubiquitous in water column environments on a global scale, are often numerous, and are tractable targets for in situ documentation of rates of feeding, house production, and house flux. The limited but compelling amount of field information about these omnivorous, non-selective filter feeders suggests that they may have a central role in the flux of material throughout the water column, especially in particle-rich layers. First, appendicularians are capable of rapid generation times. Second, most species are capable of high grazing rates on a wide spectrum of particles, including microbial phytoplankton, bacteria, and detritus. The rate of export or recycling of biogenic carbon from particle-laden appendicularian houses depends upon several factors. For example, the investigator believes that particle loading on houses in the epipelagic and epibenthic zones will vary in relation to surface production and resuspension, respectively. Rates (of particle selection, feeding, house-fecal pellet production, and house-fecal pellet sinking) will also vary with species, particle selection, and house age. Therefore, developing reliable field methods will be essential to better understand how behavioral and environmental parameters interact to influence the fate of particulate matter.

在海洋食物网中，中水尾虫对粒子动力学的贡献仍未得到充分研究。该项目将开发基于水下的原位技术，这将导致对具有相对较大房屋（直径1-30厘米）的物种的生态作用进行更详细、更长期的调查。这些物种鲜为人知，但在全球范围内的水柱环境中普遍存在，通常数量众多，并且是摄食率，房屋生产和房屋通量就地记录的易于处理的目标。关于这些杂食性、非选择性滤食动物的有限但令人信服的现场信息表明，它们可能在整个水柱的物质流动中起着核心作用，尤其是在富含颗粒的水层中。首先，阑尾虫能够快速生成。其次，大多数物种能够对广泛的颗粒（包括微生物浮游植物、细菌和碎屑）有很高的掠食率。从带有颗粒的附属物屋出口或回收生物碳的速度取决于几个因素。例如，研究人员认为，在上层海洋和底栖海洋中，颗粒对房屋的负荷将分别随着表面产生和再悬浮而变化。速率（颗粒选择、饲养、粪便颗粒生产和粪便颗粒沉降）也会随着物种、颗粒选择和房龄而变化。因此，开发可靠的现场方法对于更好地了解行为和环境参数如何相互作用以影响颗粒物的命运至关重要。