Workshop: Comparative Functional Genomics: A Short Course, Salisbury Cove, Maine, August 27 to September 9, 2000

研讨会：比较功能基因组学：短期课程，缅因州索尔兹伯里湾，2000 年 8 月 27 日至 9 月 9 日

• 批准号: 0086524
• 负责人: Douglas Crawford
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-08-01 至 2001-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0086524&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Workshop; Comparative; Functional; Genomics; Short

Biological sciences are entering an exciting new era: the ability to measure patterns of gene expression for all the genes in an organism. This approach is known as functional genomics, and it seeks identifying interesting patterns of gene expression: patterns that influence how an organism is formed, how it deals with environmental challenges, and how it adapts. One of the major advances in this field is the use of MICROARRAYS to measure the expression of thousands of genes simultaneously. Microarrays are thousands of micro-formatted DNA samples printed on a small glass slide. Each DNA spot represents a unique gene that is used to measure gene expression. Examining the patterns of gene expression is just the first step. Additional research will be required to determine how changes in gene expression cause physiological, morphological or other phenotypic change. If we are seeking to understand the functional importance of how patterns of gene expression affects the biology of organisms, one of the more productive approaches is to follow August Krogh's principle (Krogh 1929): for many problems there will be an animal for which it can be most conveniently studied. Thus, functional genomics will be enhanced by examining a diversity of organisms in which physiological, developmental or biochemical traits are readily studied. Unfortunately, many biologists believe that a functional genomics approach is beyond their reach: their ability to acquire the necessary molecular tools (e.g., all or most cDNAs expressed in a tissue) or the funding to acquire these tools. This is far from the truth and is the reason for a short course on Comparative Functional Genomics. Participants in this course will produce 1000s of sequenced and identified cDNAs, microarray of many of these cDNAs and a simple analysis of gene expression. Although this is not a completed microarray for their organism, it does represent a large step toward the completion of one of the fundamental tools for functional genomics: the production, printing, and analysis of many expressed genes. The most important attribute of this course is that it will provide the knowledge on how to produce the necessary molecular tools for functional genomics from any organism simply and inexpensively. These objectives of the Comparative Functional Genomic course will accelerate the utilization of functional genomics among non-model species and thus enhance our understanding of how the variation in gene expression affects biological processes.

生物科学正在进入一个令人兴奋的新时代：生物体中所有基因基因表达模式的能力。 这种方法称为功能基因组学，它寻求识别有趣的基因表达模式：影响生物体形成方式的模式，如何应对环境挑战以及如何适应。 该领域的主要进步之一是使用微阵列同时测量数千个基因的表达。 微阵列是成千上万的微型DNA样品，这些DNA样品印在小载玻片上。 每个DNA点代表用于测量基因表达的独特基因。 检查基因表达的模式只是第一步。 还需要进行其他研究来确定基因表达的变化如何导致生理，形态或其他表型变化。 如果我们试图了解基因表达模式如何影响生物的生物学的功能重要性，那么效率更高的方法之一就是遵循August Krogh的原理（Krogh 1929）：对于许多问题，将为它提供最方便的动物。 因此，通过研究生理，发育或生化特征的多种生物，将通过研究各种生物来增强功能基因组学。不幸的是，许多生物学家认为，一种功能基因组学方法是无法实现的：他们获得必要的分子工具（例如，在组织中表达的全部或大多数CDNA）或获得这些工具的资金。 这远非事实，也是比较功能基因组学简短课程的原因。 本课程的参与者将产生1000秒的测序和鉴定的cDNA，许多此类cDNA的微阵列以及对基因表达的简单分析。 尽管这不是其生物体的完整微阵列，但它确实代表了完成功能基因组学基本工具之一的迈出的很大一步：许多表达基因的生产，印刷和分析。 本课程最重要的属性是，它将提供有关如何简单易懂任何有机体的功能基因组学的必要分子工具的知识。 比较功能基因组过程的这些目标将加速非模型物种之间功能基因组学的利用，从而增强我们对基因表达变异如何影响生物学过程的理解。