The Adaptive Significance of Phenotypic Plasticity and Reaction Norm Evolution in a Natural System

自然系统中表型可塑性与反应规范演化的适应性意义

• 批准号: 0090177
• 负责人: Timothy Mousseau
• 金额: $ 21.1万
• 依托单位: University of South Carolina at Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-02-15 至 2005-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0090177&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Adaptive; Significance; Phenotypic; Plasticity; Reaction

The natural environment varies considerably from place to place, and in time. Some of this variation is natural (e.g., altitudinal and latitudinal gradients in temperature) and some of it is induced by human activities (e.g., urban temperature effects, global climatic changes). This study will investigate the ability of a model insect, the striped ground cricket Allonemobius socius, to plastically adjust its life cycle to meet the challenges of climatic variation in space and time. This study will also determine the genetic basis for this plasticity. Genetic variation will be investigated both among populations along altitudinal and latitudinal clines and within populations that are expected to vary in their ability to plastically respond to environmental change. This study will provide valuable information concerning adaptive evolutionary responses to past environmental changes. In addition, by characterizing the amount of genetic variation that exists within populations it will be possible to predict the rate of adaptive response to future changes in climate.

自然环境因地、因时而异。这种变化中的一些是自然的（例如，温度的海拔梯度和纬度梯度）并且其中一些是由人类活动引起的（例如，城市温度效应、全球气候变化）。本研究将探讨模式昆虫，条纹地蟋蟀Allonemobius socius，可塑性地调整其生命周期，以满足在空间和时间的气候变化的挑战的能力。这项研究还将确定这种可塑性的遗传基础。遗传变异将调查人口之间的沿着海拔和纬度的倾斜和人口内，预计将改变他们的可塑性对环境变化的反应能力。这项研究将提供有价值的信息，适应性进化的反应，过去的环境变化。此外，通过确定种群内存在的遗传变异的数量，将有可能预测对未来气候变化的适应性反应的速度。