Animal Culture - Vocal Signal Function

动物培养 - 声音信号功能

• 批准号: 0090400
• 负责人: Myron Baker
• 金额: $ 5.99万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-02-01 至 2005-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0090400&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Animal; Culture; Vocal; Signal; Function

Title: Animal Culture - Vocal Signal FunctionPI: Dr. Myron C. BakerDr. Baker will conduct research on the cultural evolution of a songbird vocalization to obtain an understanding of the key features of social evolution in animals that exhibit cultural traits. In songbirds, culture is manifest in vocal signals used in communication. These learned vocal signals are inherited across generations by young birds copying the vocalizations of adults, similar to the way speech patterns are transmitted in human populations. A general theory of cultural evolution broadly applicable to both man and animals will derive from studies that explain the diversity, maintenance, and change of cultural traits, studies such as those planned in this research program. In the proposed research, several questions about the process and consequences of vocal learning in a model species of songbird are addressed. This species, the black-capped chickadee, exhibits population dialects in one of its common vocalizations, a vocal signal used in aggressive interactions with other individuals. The properties of this vocalization, and its use in behavioral interactions, will be studied both in the natural context of wild populations as well as in experimental settings in the laboratory. Questions to be addressed are: (1) In what ways do the properties of this vocalization differ between populations? (2) What is the rate of change in vocal dialects over time? (3) What behavioral processes lead to the adoption of the local dialect by young birds and immigrants? (4) What are the benefits of adopting, and the costs of not adopting, the characteristic vocalizations of the local population? (5) How does the use of this vocalization influence the outcome of aggressive encounters? Answers to these and related questions will contribute fundamental building blocks to a general theory of cultural evolution.

标题：动物培养-声音信号功能PI：Dr. Myron C.贝克博士贝克将对鸣禽发声的文化进化进行研究，以了解表现出文化特征的动物的社会进化的关键特征。在鸣禽中，文化体现在交流中使用的声音信号中。这些习得的声音信号是由年轻的鸟类复制成年人的发声方式代代相传的，类似于人类种群中语言模式的传播方式。一个普遍适用于人类和动物的文化进化的一般理论将来自解释文化特征的多样性，维持和变化的研究，如本研究计划中的研究。在拟议的研究中，解决了几个问题的过程和后果的声音学习的模式种鸣禽。这个物种，黑顶山雀，在其常见的发声中表现出种群方言，这是一种用于与其他个体进行攻击性互动的声音信号。这种发声的属性，及其在行为相互作用中的应用，将在野生种群的自然环境中以及在实验室的实验环境中进行研究。要解决的问题是：（1）在哪些方面，这种发声的性质不同的人群？(2)随着时间的推移，语音方言的变化率是多少？(3)什么样的行为过程导致幼鸟和移民采用当地方言？(4)采用当地居民特有的发声方式有什么好处，不采用的代价是什么？(5)这种发声方式的使用如何影响攻击性遭遇的结果？ 对这些问题和相关问题的回答将为文化进化的一般理论提供基本的基石。