Organization of Novel Marine Bacterial Structures Involved in the Degradation of Agar

参与琼脂降解的新型海洋细菌结构的组织

• 批准号: 0109869
• 负责人: Steven Hutcheson
• 金额: $ 29.3万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0109869&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Organization; Novel; Marine; Bacterial; Structures

DEB-0109869Ronald M. WeinerSteven W. HutchesonA grant has been awarded to Drs. Weiner and Hutcheson of the University of Maryland to investigate the genetics and cell biology of insoluble complex carbohydrate (ICP) degradation by an unusual marine bacterium, Microbulbifer degradans. This bacterium was isolated from the Chesapeake Bay watershed and has the ability to degrade almost all known biological polymers, including ICP's, by forming unusual surface structures. These surface structures appear to be organized consortia of enzymes that allow the bacterium to efficiently degrade and process these very stable polymers. The degradation of such ICP's is not governed by conventional enzymology; the most efficient degradation involves contact with organized consortia of enzymes. Never before has any single organism been reported to have the capability to degrade such a broad spectrum of ICP's. It is also the only microorganism shown to degrade an ICP other than cellulose by this mechanism and the first observation of this degradative mechanism in an aerobic bacterium. This grant will fund research to understand what genes and proteins are involved in the degradation of the ICP, agar, and to determine how the agar-degrading structure is assembled on the bacterial surface. Knowledge of the genetics of this system should provide new tools for the processing of complex carbohydrates into useful byproducts and for bioremediation of the billions of tons of agricultural, aquacultural and algalcultural waste generated each year that contain very stable ICP's. In addition, little is known about how the annual production of the more than 25 billion tons of ICP's produced in the world's oceans are recycled into the biosphere. Thus, this research has potential applications in bioremediation and/or processing of waste products and could provide valuable insights into evolution of bacteria and the ecological role of this marine bacterium in the carbon cycle.

DEB-0109869罗纳德M.温纳马里兰州大学的韦纳博士和哈奇森博士获得了一笔赠款，用于研究一种不寻常的海洋细菌--微泡菌降解物降解不溶性复合碳水化合物（ICP）的遗传学和细胞生物学。 这种细菌是从切萨皮克湾分水岭分离出来的，通过形成不寻常的表面结构，它能够降解几乎所有已知的生物聚合物，包括ICP。 这些表面结构似乎是酶的有组织的聚生体，使细菌能够有效地降解和加工这些非常稳定的聚合物。 这种ICP的降解不受常规酶学的控制;最有效的降解涉及与有组织的酶联合体的接触。 以前从未报道过任何单一的生物体具有降解如此广谱的ICP的能力。 它也是唯一一种通过这种机制降解ICP而不是纤维素的微生物，并且是在好氧细菌中首次观察到这种降解机制。这笔赠款将资助研究，以了解哪些基因和蛋白质参与ICP，琼脂的降解，并确定如何琼脂降解结构组装在细菌表面。 该系统的遗传学知识应提供新的工具，用于将复杂的碳水化合物加工成有用的副产品，并用于每年产生的数十亿吨农业、水产养殖和藻类养殖废物的生物修复，这些废物含有非常稳定的ICP。 此外，人们对世界海洋中每年生产的250多亿吨ICP是如何循环进入生物圈的知之甚少。因此，这项研究在生物修复和/或废物处理中具有潜在的应用，并可以为细菌的进化和这种海洋细菌在碳循环中的生态作用提供有价值的见解。