Collaborative Proposal: Using the Web as a Corpus for Empirical Linguistic Research

合作提案：使用网络作为实证语言学研究的语料库

• 批准号: 0112429
• 负责人: Christiane Fellbaum
• 金额: $ 16.2万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0112429&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; Using; Web; Corpus

This project will develop tools that make it possible to retrieve naturally occurring sentences from the World Wide Web on the basis of lexical content and syntactic structure, providing linguists with an immediate, easily accessible source of raw linguistic data. The PIs will investigate specific linguistic hypotheses at the lexical semantics/syntax interface as an illustrative application of these tools. At a high level, the planned work constitutes an important step toward a new paradigm for linguistic research. Rather than relying entirely on introspective data generated by the linguist who is trying to (dis)prove a particular hypothesis, Web-enabled linguistics research will draw on the methodology and the tools developed by the PIs to supply naturally occurring data on which theories can rest. With regard to specific linguistic questions, the goal is to provide an explanation of the rules and constraints that govern three transitivity alternations (Middle, Unaccusative, Unspecified Object Deletion), and the PIs expect data made available by their tools to shed light on the "grey" area between competence and performance, that is, the linguistic behavior that seems to fall outside of rule-governed behavior. Although naturally occurring data are not accorded great emphasis in generative syntax, the use of text corpora has a tradition in the greater linguistic enterprise. An explosive new phenomenon in the world of naturally occurring text, the World Wide Web is an essentially untapped resource that embodies the rich and dynamic nature of language, presenting a data resource of unparalleled size and diversity

该项目将开发工具，使之能够根据词汇内容和句法结构从万维网上检索自然出现的句子，为语言学家提供一个即时、容易获得的原始语言数据来源。PI将在词汇语义/句法界面调查特定的语言假设，作为这些工具的说明性应用。在更高的层面上，计划中的工作是朝着语言学研究的新范式迈出的重要一步。网络语言学研究不会完全依赖试图证明某个特定假设的语言学家产生的内省数据，而是利用个人投资机构开发的方法和工具来提供自然产生的数据，作为理论的基础。对于具体的语言问题，目标是解释支配三种及物性交替的规则和限制(中式、非宾语、未指定宾语删除)，而PI期望通过他们的工具提供的数据来阐明能力和表现之间的灰色地带，即似乎超出规则控制的行为的语言行为。虽然自然产生的数据在生成句法中没有得到很大的重视，但在更大的语言事业中，使用文本语料库是有传统的。万维网是自然文本世界中一个爆炸性的新现象，它本质上是一种尚未开发的资源，体现了语言的丰富和动态本质，呈现了无与伦比的大小和多样性的数据资源