Dissertation Research: Practices of Representation

论文研究：表现实践

• 批准号: 0115125
• 负责人: Peter Galison
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-01 至 2002-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0115125&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Practices; Representation

This project traces the contentious debate between Frangois Arago and JeanBaptiste Biot over the nature of light in the first half of the nineteenth century. Although often presented as a brief and pointed clash over the particle and wave theories of light, their long-standing disagreement was in fact rooted in the issues of practice: whether the images they produced in their optical instruments were transparently available to all, or only to those who knew precisely how light worked. This work explores the ways in which optical instruments, and the associated material culture and bodily techniques, participated in dividing the world into domains of visibility and invisibility, and how this in turn functioned on a political level as a mechanism of inclusion and exclusion. Both Arago and Biot were explicit in tying their respective commitments to transparency and mystery to claims about who was qualified to speak on worldly matters, and thus who belonged within the bounds of the communicative public represented by the state.

这个项目追溯了弗朗索瓦·阿拉戈和让·巴蒂斯特·毕奥在十九世纪上半叶关于光的性质的争论。虽然他们经常表现为对光的粒子理论和波动理论的简短而尖锐的冲突，但他们长期存在的分歧实际上植根于实践问题：他们在光学仪器中产生的图像是否对所有人透明，或者只有那些确切知道光是如何工作的人才能看到。这项工作探讨了光学仪器以及相关的物质文化和身体技术如何参与将世界划分为可见和不可见的领域，以及这反过来如何在政治层面上作为包容和排斥的机制发挥作用。阿拉戈和毕奥都明确地将他们各自对透明和神秘的承诺与谁有资格谈论世俗事务的主张联系起来，从而谁属于由国家代表的交流公众的范围。