Doctoral Dissertation Research: Weaning practices, subsistence strategies, and skeletal growth and development

博士论文研究：断奶实践、生存策略以及骨骼生长和发育

• 批准号: 2141845
• 负责人: Noreen von Cramon-Taubadel
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2141845&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Weaning; practices

The human skeleton is capable of plastic responses to biomechanical pressures, including those associated with chewing. This doctoral dissertation project examines relationships between dietary patterns and skeletal characteristics through analysis of pre-industrial populations with various weaning and subsistence practices. The research advances insights about biocultural factors that may influence skeletal growth and development in our species, including factors affecting dental alignment and function. The project fosters graduate student training of a female scientist, dissemination of findings including to clinical audiences, science education and curriculum development for students, and public science communication through popular science outlets. While researchers have found differences in face and jaw shape with differing subsistence strategies, the effects of weaning practices and the biomechanical effects of suckling are not well understood. Additionally, modern infant behavior such as thumb-sucking, bottle-feeding and early termination of breastfeeding are implicated in the rise of dental malocclusions, suggesting that shifts in weaning practices that are thought to have occurred with the advent of farming may be partially responsible for the increase in modern dental occlusion problems. This project investigates associations between facial morphology, weaning practices, and subsistence strategies, using cranial and mandibular 3D scan data. The project also seeks to assess the association between weaning/subsistence behavior and dental occlusion patterns by quantifying dental occlusion using modern orthodontic criteria.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人体骨骼能够对生物力学压力（包括与咀嚼相关的压力）做出塑性反应。该博士论文项目通过分析具有各种断奶和维持生计做法的前工业化人群，研究饮食模式与骨骼特征之间的关系。该研究提出了有关可能影响我们物种骨骼生长和发育的生物文化因素的见解，包括影响牙齿排列和功能的因素。 该项目促进女科学家的研究生培训、向临床受众传播研究结果、为学生提供科学教育和课程开发，以及通过科普渠道进行公共科学传播。虽然研究人员发现不同的生存策略导致面部和下巴形状存在差异，但断奶做法的影响和哺乳的生物力学影响尚不清楚。此外，诸如吮吸拇指、奶瓶喂养和提前终止母乳喂养等现代婴儿行为与牙齿咬合不正的增加有关，这表明随着农业的出现而发生的断奶习惯的转变可能是现代牙齿咬合问题增加的部分原因。该项目利用颅骨和下颌 3D 扫描数据研究面部形态、断奶实践和生存策略之间的关联。该项目还寻求通过使用现代正畸标准量化牙齿咬合来评估断奶/生存行为与牙齿咬合模式之间的关联。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。