ITR/SY: Situationally Appropriate Interaction

ITR/SY：因地制宜的互动

• 批准号: 0121560
• 负责人: Scott Hudson
• 金额: $ 105万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0121560&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ITR; SY; Situationally; Appropriate; Interaction

We are poised at the threshold of an information rich world with devices and services able to deliver that information to nearly anyone, at any place, and at any time. Humans have evolved social mechanisms for smoothly and flexibly managing interpersonal communications; however, current computational and communications devices are, almost without exception, utterly unaware of the social and attentional state of the user. They know little or nothing of the personal, social, and task situations in which they are used, and they do little or nothing to account for, and minimize, the human costs they induce. In this project, the PI and his team will explore situationally appropriate interfaces that retrieve, generate, and deliver information in a manner that is sensitive to the situation of the user. These interfaces will allow for communication and information systems that maneuver, rather than blunder, through the social world. To accomplish this ambitious goal, the team will pursue a three-part research plan. First, they will use behavioral theory and research to model social mechanisms for managing interpersonal communications. The comparatively unexploited research we will draw on examines the affordances of situations and consistent patterns of human nonverbal social behavior within situations. Second, they will extract key situational and user behavior data from these models via input from new sensing technologies, using noninvasive (e.g., vision-based) sensing technology to provide information about situations and users. Third, leveraging knowledge from sensory, perceptual, and cognitive psychology, as well as from the fields of visual and interaction design, the team will create displays and interaction designs that are far more situationally appropriate than today's interfaces. To address the substantial challenges that this breadth of work presents, the PI has assembled a strong multidisciplinary team that brings expertise from computer science, social, sensory, perceptual, and cognitive psychology, and the field of design.

我们正站在一个信息丰富的世界的门槛上，设备和服务能够在任何时间、任何地点将信息传递给几乎任何人。人类已经进化出了平稳灵活地管理人际交往的社会机制；然而，目前的计算和通信设备几乎毫无例外地完全不知道用户的社交和注意力状态。它们对使用它们的个人、社会和任务情况了解甚少或一无所知，它们也很少或根本不考虑或尽量减少它们所造成的人力成本。在这个项目中，PI和他的团队将探索适合情境的接口，以一种对用户情境敏感的方式检索、生成和传递信息。这些接口将允许通信和信息系统在社交世界中灵活运行，而不是出错。为了实现这一雄心勃勃的目标，该团队将实施一个由三部分组成的研究计划。首先，他们将使用行为理论和研究来模拟管理人际沟通的社会机制。我们将借鉴的相对未开发的研究考察情境的可得性和情境中人类非语言社会行为的一致模式。其次，他们将通过新的传感技术的输入，从这些模型中提取关键的情境和用户行为数据，使用无创（例如，基于视觉的）传感技术提供有关情境和用户的信息。第三，利用来自感官、知觉和认知心理学的知识，以及来自视觉和交互设计领域的知识，团队将创建比今天的界面更适合情境的显示和交互设计。为了应对这一广泛工作所带来的重大挑战，PI组建了一支强大的多学科团队，汇集了来自计算机科学、社会、感官、知觉和认知心理学以及设计领域的专业知识。