Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: A Diachronic Analysis of the Valley of Oaxaca Economy from the Classic through the Postclassic

在T.Douglas Price博士的指导下，Lane Fargher先生将为他的博士论文收集数据。研究问题是墨西哥的家庭经济的性质。他将继续研究位于墨西哥瓦哈卡州瓦哈卡谷的一系列领悟人定居点的经济活动。这些遗址包括圣胡安·圭拉夫拉(San Juan Guelavla)和圣塞西莉亚·贾利扎(Santa Cecilia Jalieza)，前者占地32.8公顷，在公元700年至公元950年间被占用，后者在公元250至公元500年间被占用，占地26.6公顷。这些遗址很重要，因为它们都位于农业潜力有限的地区，使得非农业活动(如陶器生产、石器生产、篮子或布料生产)对遗址居住者的生存至关重要。为了了解遗址居民如何在经济上养活自己，将在每个遗址使用考古调查和调查期间收集的文物的微观分析相结合的方法。这一信息将通过使用陶瓷和石岩岩相学得到提炼，以确定用于手工艺生产的原材料的来源，并就陶瓷而言，收集关于大规模生产器皿的信息。目前，一些学者认为，墨西哥的印第安人家庭是自给自足的(即家庭生产在房子里生存所需的一切)，而另一些学者则认为，印第安人经济是专门的(即家庭故意过度生产有限数量的手工艺品，以换取家庭需要的其他物品，包括食物)。然而，已知的专业化例子在数量上相对较少。因此，在公元300年至公元1521年期间，专业经济在多大程度上取代了自给自足的家庭，以及家庭如何组织与农业生产相关的手工业生产，仍然不得而知。Fargher先生的研究将提供与墨西哥领悟经济性质相关的重要新数据。这项研究也很重要，因为它将提供关于中小型定居点的数据，而瓦哈卡州的考古学家在研究与后来的理解时代有关的问题时，通常忽略了这些数据。最后，随着现代人口在瓦哈卡谷的扩张，考古遗址被建筑摧毁，人们试图养活自己，考古遗址被洗劫。因此，法格尔先生的研究将有助于保护墨西哥的文化遗产，并保存重要的科学信息。

Under the direction of Dr. T. Douglas Price, Mr. Lane Fargher will collect data for his doctoral dissertation. The research problem is the nature of the household economy in prehispanic Mexico. He will continue work on a study of economic activities at a series of prehispanic settlements located in the Valley of Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico. These sites include San Juan Guelavla, a 32.8 hectare site that was occupied between AD 700 and AD 950, and Santa Cecilia Jalieza, a 26.6 hectare site that was occupied between AD 250 and AD 500. These sites are important because they are both located in areas that have limited agricultural potential, making non-agricultural activities (handicraft production; i.e., pottery production, stone tool production, basketry, or cloth production) important for the survival of site occupants. In order to understand how site inhabitants supported themselves economically a combination of archaeological survey and microscopic analysis of artifacts collected during survey will be used at each site. This information will be refined through the use of ceramic and lithic petrography to identify the source of raw materials used in handicraft production and, in the case of ceramics, to collect information on mass production of vessels. Currently some scholars argue that prehispanic households, in Mexico, were self-sufficient (i.e. households produced everything needed for survival within the house), while others argue that the prehispanic economy was specialized (i.e. households intentionally overproduced a limited number of handicrafts that were exchanged for other items required by the household, including food). However, known examples of specialization are relatively few in number. As a result, the degree to which specialized economies supplanted self-sufficient households, and how households organized handicraft production in relation to agricultural production between AD 300 and AD 1521 remains unknown. Mr. Fargher's research will provide important new data relating to the nature of the prehispanic economy of Mexico. This research is also important because it will provide data on small and medium sized settlements which have generally been ignored by Oaxacan archaeologists working on issues related to the later prehispanic era. Finally, as modern population expands in the Valley of Oaxaca, archaeological sites are destroyed by construction and looted as people attempt to support themselves. Therefore, Mr. Fargher's research will help preserve the cultural heritage of Mexico and save important scientific information.