Global Environmental Change: Consequences for Multitrophic Interactions Across Genotypes and Scales

[摘要]大气中二氧化碳（CO2）和臭氧（O3）浓度的增加预计将对生态系统产生广泛的影响。然而，这些因素对相互作用物种种群的动态和遗传结构的影响知之甚少。本研究的目的是评估CO2和O3升高对寄主植物-食草动物-天敌模型系统动力学的独立和相互作用。这项研究将在威斯康星州北部的阿斯彭FACE（自由空气二氧化碳浓缩）设施进行。研究将评估CO2和O3对红三叶草、豌豆蚜虫和两种天敌（瓢虫和寄生蜂）自然组合种群动态的长期影响，以及基因型在影响这种相互作用中的重要性。研究结果将提高我们对竞争的相对重要性的理解，以及在全球环境变化的背景下，自下而上和自上而下的营养相互作用对群落动态的影响。

AbstractRick Lindroth and Caroline AwmackProposal 0129123Increasing concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O3) are anticipated to exert widespread impacts on ecosystems. Exceedingly little is known, however, about the effects of these factors on the dynamics and genetic structure of populations of interacting species. The purpose of this research is to assess the independent and interacting effects of elevated CO2 and O3 on the dynamics of a host plant - herbivore - natural enemy model system. This research will be conducted at the Aspen FACE (Free Air CO2 Enrichment) facility in northern Wisconsin. Studies will be conducted to evaluate the long-term impacts of CO2 and O3 on the population dynamics of natural assemblages of red clover, pea aphids, and two natural enemies (ladybeetles and a parasitic wasp), and the importance of genotype in influencing such interactions. Results will improve our understanding of the relative importance of competition as well as bottom-up and top-down trophic interactions for community dynamics, in the context of global environmental change.