SG: Growth-defense tradeoffs, context dependency and genetic variation in aspen: implications for plant-insect interactions

SG：白杨的生长防御权衡、环境依赖性和遗传变异：对植物与昆虫相互作用的影响

• 批准号: 1456592
• 负责人: Richard Lindroth
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1456592&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SG; Growth; defense; tradeoffs; context

Genetic diversity is important to the health of forest ecosystems, but the factors that influence such diversity remain poorly understood. This research will address how genetic diversity is affected by trees' ability to grow and defend themselves against insect attack, and by competition from neighboring trees for resources. Also, forest productivity will be explored in light of genetic diversity. The research will take place in experimental stands of aspen, where trees have been grown for several years at different densities and then subjected to an outbreak of leaf-eating caterpillars. This work will advance scientific knowledge of how best to manage forests to maximize production, while also minimizing insect damage. Results from this research will be particularly relevant to regions where aspen populations are in widespread decline. The project will train undergraduate and graduate students in biological science and promote mentoring of high school and college students from groups that are currently under-represented in science.This research will explore how environmentally mediated growth-defense tradeoffs in a foundation plant species influence intraspecific (genotypic) variation and, in turn, how genotypic variation shapes stand-level productivity and resistance to insect attack. Aspen exhibits striking genotypic variation in physiology, growth and chemical defense, and strong negative genotypic correlations between growth and defense. How such tradeoffs influence selection to shape the genetic architecture of plant populations is largely unknown. An array of experimental aspen stands, each containing 16 genotypes and subjected to low or high intraspecific competition intensity (CI), will be used to test hypotheses concerning: 1) phenotypic expression of leaf physiological and chemical traits under low vs. high CI, 2) shifts in the genotypic composition of aspen stands as a consequence of competition-mediated selection for growth vs. defense traits, and 3) effects of genotypic divergence on stand resistance to defoliation by forest tent caterpillars. Hypothesis testing will incorporate measures of aboveground growth, photosynthesis and foliar chemical defenses, as well as assessments of stand-level defoliation by tent caterpillars. This research will advance understanding of the ecological and evolutionary factors that influence the distribution, genetic composition, and function of forest ecosystems.

遗传多样性对森林生态系统的健康很重要，但是影响这种多样性的因素仍然很少理解。这项研究将解决遗传多样性如何受到树木生长和捍卫自己免受昆虫攻击的能力的影响，以及来自相邻树木的资源的竞争。 此外，根据遗传多样性，将探索森林生产力。这项研究将在阿斯彭的实验摊位上进行，那里的树木在不同的密度下生长了几年，然后爆发了食肉的毛毛虫。这项工作将促进科学知识，即如何最好地管理森林以最大化生产，同时最大程度地减少昆虫损害。这项研究的结果将与阿斯彭人群广泛下降的地区特别相关。该项目将培训生物学科学的本科和研究生，并促进目前在科学领域代表不足的小组的高中和大学生的指导。这项研究将探讨基金会植物中环境介导的生长防御权的折衷如何影响种内特异性（基因型）变异以及基因型变异形状的依赖形状的变异和抵抗力的影响力和抵抗力，对昆虫的抗拒型和抵抗力的影响力和抵抗力。 Aspen在生长和化学防御中表现出惊人的基因型差异，以及生长与防御之间的强大基因型相关性。这种权衡如何影响选择以塑造植物种群的遗传结构是未知的。一系列实验性ASPEN占有16种基因型并受到低或高的竞争强度（CI）的作用，将用于测试有关的假设：1）在低和高CI下，叶片生理和化学性状的表型表达在低和高CI下，高CI，高ci，2）在ASPEN竞争中的竞争效果及其在ASPEN的竞争中的偏移，并在ASPEN的竞争中的效果，并将其视为ASPEN的竞争效果。森林帐篷毛毛虫抗焦叶的基因型差异。假设检验将结合地上生长，光合作用和叶面化学防御措施的措施，并评估帐篷毛毛虫的独立脱叶。这项研究将提高对影响森林生态系统分布，遗传组成和功能的生态和进化因素的理解。

项目成果

Clonal Saplings of Trembling Aspen Do Not Coordinate Defense Induction

颤抖白杨的克隆树苗不协调防御诱导

• DOI: 10.1007/s10886-018-1006-5
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Journal of Chemical Ecology
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Cope, Olivia L.;Lindroth, Richard L.
• 通讯作者: Lindroth, Richard L.

Chemical defense over decadal scales: Ontogenetic allocation trajectories and consequences for fitness in a foundation tree species

十年尺度的化学防御：个体发生分配轨迹和基础树种适应性的影响

• DOI: 10.1111/1365
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Functional Ecology
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Cope, Olivia L.;Kruger, Eric L.;Rubert‐Nason, Kennedy F.;Lindroth, Richard L.;Barton, Kasey
• 通讯作者: Barton, Kasey