CAREER: Structured Design of Embedded Software

职业：嵌入式软件的结构化设计

• 批准号: 0132780
• 负责人: Luca De Alfaro
• 金额: $ 43万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0132780&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Structured; Design; Embedded; Software

Embedded software is ubiquitous: it is present in a vast array of everyday products and appliances, and it accounts for an increasing share of the functionality and development cost of systems such as cars and aircrafts. Innovation in many fields, from transportation to military, from consumer products to manufacturing, is increasingly dependent on our ability to design ever more sophisticated embedded systems.Yet, the sophistication and complexity of embedded software is fast approaching the limit of current design abilities. This project aims at developing a formal approach to embedded software design that copes with complexity through the exploitation of design structure, and in particular, of modularity (the ability to assemble a system from components) and hierarchy (the ability to implement a complex component as a collection of simpler components).The project is articulated in three directions. The first project direction focuses on methods and toolsfor ensuring that the components used in a design are compatible one with the other. This helps to avoid bugs stemming from the interaction of multiple components, which are often among the hardest to prevent and detect. The project develops theories of component interfaces that captures the protocol, timing, and performance aspects of the interaction among embedded software components. The resulting interface theories constitute an extended type system that encompasses not only the values passed as inputs and outputs, butalso the dynamic behavior of the components, enabling to check at design time whether the components interact in a compatible way. The second project direction investigates methods for deriving the performance and reliability of a system from that of its components. In parallel to this modular approach to analysis, this project direction will pursue a modular approach to debugging, in which the components are analyzed in isolation, and the results are used to guide the simulation of the entire system. Finally, as embedded systems are often used as controllers of a device or physical system, the third project direction proposes the use ofmulti-modal stochastic systems, a model that supports in an integrated fashion system identification, controller design, and code generation. In addition to direct student involvement in the proposed research, the educational component of this proposal consists in the development of two courses: Introduction to systems engineering, and real-time embedded software. The first course will introduce students to a structured, model-based approach to system design; the second will present the techniques and challenges of real-time embedded software development. These courses will be informed by the philosophy that structure, in terms of composition and hierarchy, is the key to the design of complex systems, and that models are the basis of reasoning about systems. This model-based, structure-oriented approach is an innovative element in the curriculum generally available in Computer Engineering and Computer Science departments. The courses will play a pivotal role in the planned growth of the Software Engineering discipline at UC Santa Cruz.

嵌入式软件无处不在：它存在于大量的日常产品和电器中，并且在汽车和飞机等系统的功能和开发成本中所占的份额越来越大。从交通到军事、从消费产品到制造等许多领域的创新越来越依赖于我们设计更复杂的嵌入式系统的能力。然而，嵌入式软件的复杂性和复杂性正在迅速接近当前设计能力的极限。 该项目旨在开发一种嵌入式软件设计的正式方法，通过利用设计结构，特别是模块化（从组件组装系统的能力）和层次结构（将复杂组件实现为更简单组件的集合的能力）来应对复杂性。该项目分为三个方向。 第一个项目方向侧重于确保设计中使用的组件彼此兼容的方法和工具。 这有助于避免多个组件交互产生的错误，这些错误通常是最难预防和检测的。 该项目开发了组件接口理论，捕获嵌入式软件组件之间交互的协议、时序和性能方面。 由此产生的接口理论构成了一个扩展类型系统，它不仅包含作为输入和输出传递的值，还包含组件的动态行为，从而能够在设计时检查组件是否以兼容的方式交互。 第二个项目方向研究从系统组件的性能和可靠性得出系统性能和可靠性的方法。 与这种模块化分析方法并行，该项目方向将采用模块化调试方法，其中对组件进行单独分析，并将结果用于指导整个系统的仿真。 最后，由于嵌入式系统通常用作设备或物理系统的控制器，因此第三个项目方向提出使用多模态随机系统，这是一种以集成方式支持系统识别、控制器设计和代码生成的模型。 除了让学生直接参与拟议的研究之外，该提案的教育部分还包括开发两门课程：系统工程简介和实时嵌入式软件。 第一门课程将向学生介绍一种结构化的、基于模型的系统设计方法；第二部分将介绍实时嵌入式软件开发的技术和挑战。 这些课程将遵循这样的理念：就组成和层次结构而言，结构是复杂系统设计的关键，而模型是系统推理的基础。这种基于模型、面向结构的方法是计算机工程和计算机科学系普遍提供的课程中的创新元素。这些课程将在加州大学圣克鲁斯分校软件工程学科的计划发展中发挥关键作用。