Coupling of Trace Metal Micronutrients and Phytoplankton Dynamics - A Focus on the Bering Sea and the Role of Iron

摘要：微量元素铁、锰、锌和钴对浮游生物群落结构和功能的影响是海洋科学研究的一个前沿领域。某些具有生物活性的微量金属，特别是铁，可以在分子、细胞、群落和生态系统水平上影响海洋浮游植物。特别重要的是，铁等微量金属作为限制生物的微量营养素所起的关键作用，特别是在大量营养素通过上涌或垂直混合以高速率提供给地表水的地区。该项目的重点是2003年7月在白令海进行为期一个月的实地考察，以调查微量营养素微量金属（重点是铁）在影响浮游植物群落方面的作用。加州大学圣克鲁兹分校的研究人员将研究白令海环流和亚北极西部环流中主要的高营养、低叶绿素区域，他们认为这些区域铁含量有限。他们还将考察白令海陆架——一个几乎覆盖了白令海一半的多产地区。这是一个非常宽的大陆架，宽度从500公里到800多公里不等。有人提到在白令海的内部大陆架上出现了“铁幕”，尽管没有数据可以证实这一想法。在整个夏季大陆架断裂处有一个高叶绿素和初级生产的“绿带”，它必须获得足够的铁和大量营养素来维持自身。本研究的重点将是研究铁（和其他微量营养素微量金属）相对于宏量营养素分布的分布，以便深入了解白令海不同地区微量和宏量营养素元素的相对供求情况。除了在白令海的主要实地工作外，这些研究人员还将进行一项研究，以解决铁在影响加利福尼亚中部上升流系统浮游植物群落中的作用。

ABSTRACTOCE-0137085An exciting research frontier in ocean sciences involves the role of micronutrient trace metals such as Fe, Mn, Zn, and Co in affecting the structure and function of plankton communities. Certain bioactive trace metals - in particular iron - can influence marine phytoplankton at the molecular, cellular, community and ecosystem levels. Of particular importance is the critical role trace metals such as iron play as biolimiting micronutrients, especially in areas where macronutrients are provided to the surface waters by upwelling or vertical mixing at high rates.The focus of this project is a major month-long field effort to the Bering Sea in July 2003 to investigate the role of micronutrient trace metals (with a focus on Fe) in influencing phytoplankton communities. Researchers at the University of California at Santa Cruz will study the major high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll regions of the oceanic Bering Sea gyre and the western subarctic gyre - regions that they believe are Fe-limited. They will also examine the Bering Sea Shelf - a productive region that covers almost half of the Bering Sea. This is an extremely wide continental shelf, ranging from 500 to over 800 km in width. There has been mention of an "iron curtain" occurring over the inner shelf of the Bering Sea, although there are no data available to confirm this idea. There is a "Green Belt" of high chlorophyll and primary production that occurs throughout the summer at the shelf break which must receive adequate Fe along with macro-nutrients to sustain itself. An emphasis of this study will be to examine the distribution of Fe (and other micronutrient trace metals) relative to the macronutrient distributions in order to gain insight into the relative supply and demand of micro- and macronutrient elements in the various regions of the Bering Sea. In addition to the major field effort in the Bering Sea, these researchers will conduct a study to address the role of iron in influencing phytoplankton communities in the central California upwelling system.