Genome wide patterns of ancestry in an emerging hybrid lineage of sculpins (Cottus, Pisces)

杜父鱼（Cottus，双鱼座）新兴杂交谱系的基因组广泛祖先模式

• 批准号: 157062408
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Arne Nolte
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Ökologische Genomik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/157062408?language=en
• 关键词: Genome; wide; patterns; ancestry; emerging

Since the application of genetic methods has become possible for non-model species, an increasing number of studies are devoted to cases of natural hybridization. This process receives attention for its potential to explain the emergence of evolutionary novelty. Aside of this, hybrids can be exploited to identify the genetic basis for evolutionary divergence between the parental species because differentiated traits segregate in hybrid offspring where they can be identified using appropriate genetic and statistical approaches. Up to now, a thorough demonstration that hybridization indeed affects evolutionary change is still lacking in animals. This study focuses on a likely case of hybrid speciation in which two species of fish (Cottus) have interbred to give rise to a hybrid lineage with a new ecological potential to invade disturbed habitats. Massively parallel sequencing will be applied to perform a genomewide screen to identify genetic factors that are associated with the hybrids success. Support for the idea that hybridization affects evolutionary processes, can be obtained when a mixed ancestry is demonstrated for the genetic basis for ecological success. The fact that interbreeding continues among the hybrid lineage and the parental species locally can be exploited for fitness assays which permits to assess the evolutionary significance of hybrid genotypes in natural settings.

由于遗传学方法的应用已成为可能的非模式物种，越来越多的研究致力于自然杂交的情况下。这一过程因其解释进化新奇性出现的潜力而受到关注。除此之外，杂交种还可以用来鉴定亲本物种之间进化分歧的遗传基础，因为差异化的性状在杂交后代中分离，在那里它们可以使用适当的遗传和统计方法来鉴定。到目前为止，杂交确实影响进化变化的彻底证明在动物中仍然缺乏。本研究的重点是杂交物种形成的可能情况下，两种鱼（杜父鱼）杂交，产生一个新的生态潜力，入侵受干扰的栖息地的混合血统。将应用大规模平行测序进行全基因组筛选，以确定与杂交成功相关的遗传因素。当混合祖先被证明是生态成功的遗传基础时，杂交影响进化过程的观点就得到了支持。事实上，杂交后代和当地的亲本物种之间继续杂交，可以利用健身测定，允许评估在自然环境中的杂交基因型的进化意义。