Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Material Landscapes and the Consolidation of Agriculture: The Canoles Archaeological Survey Project(CASP), Valencia, Spain

博士论文改进补助金：物质景观和农业巩固：卡诺莱斯考古调查项目（CASP），西班牙巴伦西亚

• 批准号: 0201977
• 负责人: Michael Jochim
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-03-01 至 2004-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0201977&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Material

Under the direction of Dr. Michael A. Jochim, Ms Sarah McClure will collect data in eastern Spain for her doctoral dissertation. She will conduct archaeological survey of the Canoles river valley in the Province of Valencia, Spain to identify changes in land use patterns during the transition from hunting and gathering to agricultural economies (8000-2500 BC). Domestic plants (wheat, emmer and legumes) and animals (goats, sheep, pigs and cows) were introduced to the area by 5600 BC. The remains of these domesticates are found in conjunction with the first ceramics of the region. However, in stark contrast to other parts of the Mediterranean, the farmers of eastern Spain did not live in villages until over a millennium later. The aggregation of people in villages indicates changes in their economies such as an intensification of agricultural practices and corresponding changes in social organization and cultural behavior. Current research in the Province of Valencia suggests that this reconstruction of the transition to farming may well be biased, since it is based largely on information from individual sites (caves and rockshelters). Ms McClure will use a regional approach to characterize the timing and nature of the shift to village farming economies. The primary aim of the study is to investigate the commonly held idea of a slow shift to intensified farming and to examine the social and ecological underpinnings of the transition. The archaeological survey of the Canoles valley will elucidate the role available wild resources played in the transition to agriculture. The Canoles valley is particularly suitable for this kind of analysis since it is a large valley connecting the Mediterranean coastal plain with the central plateau (Meseta) and contains a wealth of different ecological zones. Land use patterns will indicate how people were using their landscape and how this changed with new forms of subsistence practices. The transition to agriculture was a major turning point in human and environmental history, setting the stage for the rise of civilizations and changing the relationship between humans and their environment. In order to understand this transition, archaeologists must look to different regions of the world to identify fundamental similarities and differences in the timing, tempo, and impact of the cultural and organizational changes associated with the transition to food producing economies. Ms McClure's research in eastern Spain will contribute to the understanding of this fundamental shift and will also assist in training a promising young scientist.

在Michael A. Jochim博士的指导下，Sarah McClure女士将在西班牙东部为她的博士论文收集数据。她将对西班牙瓦伦西亚省的Canoles河谷进行考古调查，以确定从狩猎和采集经济向农业经济过渡期间（公元前8000-2500年）土地利用模式的变化。公元前5600年，国内植物（小麦、小麦和豆类）和动物（山羊、绵羊、猪和牛）被引入该地区。这些驯化动物的遗骸与该地区最早的陶瓷一起被发现。然而，与地中海其他地区形成鲜明对比的是，西班牙东部的农民直到一千年后才开始住在村庄里。人口在村庄的聚集表明其经济的变化，如农业实践的集约化以及社会组织和文化行为的相应变化。目前在瓦伦西亚省进行的研究表明，这种向农业过渡的重建很可能是有偏见的，因为它主要基于来自个别地点（洞穴和岩石庇护所）的信息。麦克卢尔女士将用一种区域方法来描述向乡村农业经济转变的时间和性质。这项研究的主要目的是调查人们普遍认为的向集约化农业的缓慢转变，并研究这种转变的社会和生态基础。对坎诺尔河谷的考古调查将阐明可利用的野生资源在向农业过渡中所起的作用。Canoles山谷特别适合这种分析，因为它是一个连接地中海沿海平原和中央高原（Meseta）的大山谷，包含丰富的不同生态区。土地利用模式将表明人们如何利用他们的景观，以及这种情况如何随着新的生存方式而变化。向农业的过渡是人类和环境历史上的一个重大转折点，为文明的兴起奠定了基础，改变了人类与环境之间的关系。为了理解这一转变，考古学家必须着眼于世界上不同的地区，以确定与向粮食生产经济过渡相关的文化和组织变化的时间、速度和影响方面的基本异同。麦克卢尔女士在西班牙东部的研究将有助于理解这一根本转变，也将有助于培养一名有前途的年轻科学家。