Space Weather: Prediction with Cosmic Rays

这项建议的活动旨在利用“福布什减少”，即位于日冕物质抛射激波锋面下游的宇宙射线密度受到抑制的区域，以便在大约4-8小时的提前时间内预测日冕物质抛射到达地球。μ子探测器和中子监测器将用于探测从“福布什减少”等离子体逃逸的高能粒子的损失锥各向异性。从这些信息中，可以推断出对太阳喷出物的方向和范围的有用限制。主要工作将是通过在巴西圣马蒂纽的南方空间天文台建造一个全尺寸μ介子探测器来弥补覆盖范围的差距，并在其网站（www.bartol.udel.edu/UNOneutronm/）上增加一些功能，以实时图形显示宇宙射线密度梯度、角各向异性和双向流动。

The activities of this proposal are aimed at exploiting the "Forbush decrease", a region of suppressed cosmic ray density located downstream of coronal mass ejection (CME) shock fronts, for the purpose of predicting with a lead time of some 4-8 hours the arrival of a CME at Earth. Muon detectors and neutron monitors will be utilized to detect the loss-cone anisotropy of energetic particles which escape from the "Forbush decrease" plasma. From this information, it is possible to infer useful constraints on the orientation and extent of solar ejecta. The principal efforts will be to close a coverage gap by constructing a full-size muon detector at the Southern Space Observatory, in Sao Martinho, Brazil, and to add features to their website (www.bartol.udel.edu/~neutronm/) giving real-time graphical displays of cosmic ray density gradients, angular anisotropies, and bi-directional flows.