Space Weather: Prediction with Cosmic Rays

太空天气：用宇宙射线预测

• 批准号: 0207196
• 负责人: John Bieber
• 金额: $ 29.74万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-15 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0207196&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Space; Weather; Prediction; Cosmic; Rays

The activities of this proposal are aimed at exploiting the "Forbush decrease", a region of suppressed cosmic ray density located downstream of coronal mass ejection (CME) shock fronts, for the purpose of predicting with a lead time of some 4-8 hours the arrival of a CME at Earth. Muon detectors and neutron monitors will be utilized to detect the loss-cone anisotropy of energetic particles which escape from the "Forbush decrease" plasma. From this information, it is possible to infer useful constraints on the orientation and extent of solar ejecta. The principal efforts will be to close a coverage gap by constructing a full-size muon detector at the Southern Space Observatory, in Sao Martinho, Brazil, and to add features to their website (www.bartol.udel.edu/~neutronm/) giving real-time graphical displays of cosmic ray density gradients, angular anisotropies, and bi-directional flows.

该提案的活动旨在利用“福布什减少”（位于日冕物质抛射 (CME) 激波锋面下游的宇宙射线密度受到抑制的区域），以提前约 4-8 小时预测 CME 抵达地球。 μ子探测器和中子监视器将用于探测从“福布什减少”等离子体中逸出的高能粒子的损失锥各向异性。根据这些信息，可以推断出对太阳喷射物的方向和范围的有用限制。主要工作将是通过在巴西圣马蒂纽的南方空间天文台建造全尺寸μ介子探测器来缩小覆盖范围，并在其网站（www.bartol.udel.edu/~neutronm/）上添加功能，提供宇宙射线密度梯度、角各向异性和双向流的实时图形显示。