Cosmic Rays and the Interplanetary Magnetic Field

该项目将：(1)在详细分析粒子角分布的基础上，发展研究太阳高能粒子加速和输运的新方法；(2)描述和理解伴随宇宙线瞬变的瞬变各向异性；(3)根据磁场和带电粒子涨落的测量，发展确定行星际磁性湍流几何形状的新方法；(4)提高对湍流粒子散射的理解，最终目的是实现有用的预测能力，其中粒子的平均自由路径可以从湍流的可测量特性中推断出来；(5)评估宇宙线作为空间气象工具的有用性，以遥感接近的太阳风扰动的特性；以及(6)通过对照地面观测对模型预测进行详细检验，提高对地球磁层中地磁截止和带电粒子运动的认识。

This project will: (1) develop new methods for studying the acceleration and transport of solar energetic particles based upon detailed analysis of particle angular distributions; (2) characterize and understand transient anisotropies accompanying cosmic ray transient variations; (3) develop new methods to determine the geometry of interplanetary magnetic turbulence based upon measurements of magnetic field and charged particle fluctuations; (4) improve understanding of particle scattering by turbulence, ultimately aimed to achieve a useful predictive capability where particle mean free paths can be deduced from measurable properties of the turbulence; (5) evaluate the usefulness of cosmic rays as a space weather tool for remote sensing the properties of approaching solar wind disturbances; and (6) improve knowledge of geomagnetic cutoffs and charged particle motion in Earth's magnetosphere through detailed testing of model predictions against ground-based observations.