Troposphere-Stratosphere Coupling Processes

该项目将调查与对流风暴有关的对流层-平流层交换的程度和影响。对流层和平流层之间的动量、能量和痕量组分的传输深刻地影响着平流层和对流层上层的动力和化学气候学和变率。此外，这两个地区之间的动力相互作用还可以影响北方冬季的天气。霍尔顿博士和杜兰博士(大学将使用云解析数值模式来分析地形产生的对流引起的重力波的产生和传播。该项目还将推进热带和温带风暴的三维模拟，以更好地了解痕量化学品从边界层到对流层上层和穿过对流层顶的输送。PIS期望能够区分由对流层顶的瞬时上升引起的输送和由跨越对流层顶的不可逆输送引起的输送。对流层-平流层耦合机制和分布模式的改进将导致全球天气和气候模式中动量和化学输送的更准确的参数化，并促进对平流层大气环流、臭氧化学和对流层天气与气候的理解。

The project will investigate the extent and impact of tropospheric-stratospheric exchange associated with convective storms. The transfer of momentum, energy, and trace constituents between the troposphere and stratosphere profoundly influences the dynamical and chemical climatology and variability of the stratosphere and upper troposphere. Dynamical interaction between the two regions can moreover influence weather in the Northern winter. Drs. Holton and Durran (Univ. of Washington, Seattle) will use a cloud-resolving numerical model to analyze gravity wave generation and propagation, resulting from orographically generated convection. The project will also advance the 3-D modeling of tropical and extratropical storms to better understand the transport of trace chemicals from the boundary layer to the upper troposphere, and across the tropopause. The PIs expect to be able to distinguish between transport resulting from transient lifting of the tropopause and that resulting from irreversible transfer across the tropopause. Improved modeling of the mechanisms and distribution of troposphere-stratosphere coupling should lead to more accurate parameterizations of momentum and chemical transports in global weather and climate models, and advance the understanding of the stratospheric general circulation, ozone chemistry, and tropospheric weather and climate.