Mountain-Wave Evolution and Orographic Precipitation II

山波演化与地形降水II

• 批准号: 1929466
• 负责人: Dale Durran
• 金额: $ 70.5万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-15 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1929466&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mountain; Wave; Evolution; Orographic; Precipitation

Mountainous terrain has a significant impact on local and regional weather conditions. The flow over mountains is known to enhance precipitation on the upslope sides, and the impact of the air rising to different levels of the atmosphere has a downstream impact on larger-scale weather patterns. However, many questions about the details remain. This award provides funding for a researcher and two graduate students to study topics related to atmospheric interactions with mountain topography. In addition to the training of the next generation of scientists, this award will have a broad societal impact through the potential to improve weather forecasts.The two main thrusts of the work are on improving understanding of: 1) the dynamics and predictability of multi-scale orographic precipitation and 2) mountain waves and their feedback on the synoptic-scale flow. The orographic precipitation work would be conducted using idealized modeling. The research team will investigate the relative contributions of dynamics and microphysics toward increasing precipitation by diagnosing those processes in scenarios with and without mountains and cyclones using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) numerical model. Additional work will be conducted using cases with different background static stabilities, moisture fluxes, and ridge positions. The orographic precipitation component will also include work on mesoscale predictability as the researchers hypothesize that small perturbations to the large-scale flow will generate large perturbations to the precipitation patterns associated with mesoscale terrain features. The mountain wave work would use modeling, theory, and observations from prior field campaigns to address how gravity-wave-drag influences nontrivial large-scale flows and under what conditions nonlinear processes strongly regulate the amplitude of mountain waves.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

山区地形对当地和区域天气状况有重大影响。 众所周知，越过山脉的气流会增加上坡一侧的降水，而上升到大气不同高度的空气对下游大尺度天气模式产生影响。 然而，关于细节的许多问题仍然存在。 该奖项为一名研究人员和两名研究生提供资金，研究与大气与山区地形相互作用有关的主题。 除了培养下一代科学家外，该奖项还将通过改善天气预报的潜力产生广泛的社会影响。该工作的两个主要目标是提高对以下方面的理解：1）多尺度地形降水的动力学和可预测性; 2）山波及其对天气尺度流的反馈。 地形降水工作将使用理想化模型进行。 研究小组将调查动力学和微物理学对增加降水的相对贡献，方法是使用天气研究和预报（WRF）数值模型诊断有和没有山脉和气旋的情况下的这些过程。 将使用具有不同背景静稳定度、水汽通量和脊位置的情况进行额外的工作。 地形降水部分还将包括中尺度可预测性方面的工作，因为研究人员假设，对大尺度气流的小扰动将对与中尺度地形特征相关的降水模式产生大扰动。 山波工作将使用建模，理论和观察从以前的领域活动，以解决如何重力波阻力影响非平凡的大规模流动，并在什么条件下，非线性过程强烈调节山波的振幅。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。

项目成果

Are finite‐amplitude effects important in non‐breaking mountain waves?

有限振幅效应对于非破碎山波很重要吗？

• DOI: 10.1002/qj.4045
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8.9
• 作者: Metz, Johnathan J.;Durran, Dale R.
• 通讯作者: Durran, Dale R.

Downslope Windstorm Forecasting: Easier with a Critical Level, but Still Challenging for High-Resolution Ensembles

下坡风暴预报：在临界水平下更容易预报，但对高分辨率集合仍然具有挑战性

• DOI: 10.1175/waf-d-22-0135.1
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Weather and Forecasting
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Metz, Johnathan J.;Durran, Dale R.
• 通讯作者: Durran, Dale R.

Mesoscale Predictability in Moist Midlatitude Cyclones Is Not Sensitive to the Slope of the Background Kinetic Energy Spectrum

潮湿中纬度气旋的中尺度可预测性对背景动能谱的斜率不敏感

• DOI: 10.1175/jas-d-21-0147.1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Lloveras, Daniel;Tierney, Lydia;Durran, Dale
• 通讯作者: Durran, Dale