An Observational Array for High Resolution, Year-round Measurements of Volume, Freshwater, and Ice Flux Variability in Davis Strait

用于高分辨率、全年测量戴维斯海峡体积、淡水和冰通量变化的观测阵列

• 批准号: 0230381
• 负责人: Craig Lee
• 金额: $ 348.31万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-10-01 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0230381&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Observational; Array; Resolution; Year; round

This study will use an integrated observing system that will provide year-round measurements of volume, liquid freshwater and ice fluxes across Davis Strait. Fluxes through the Strait represent the net integrated Canadian Archipelago through flow, modified by terrestrial inputs and oceanic processes during its southward transit through Baffin Bay. This study will be part of a coordinated international effort to quantify (and eventually monitor) the variability of fluxes connecting the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans and to understand the role played by the Arctic and sub-Arctic in steering decadal scale climate variability, The system will employ complementary techniques, combining mature technologies with recent developments in autonomous gliders (presently undertaking their first extended science missions) to address all aspects of flow through Davis Strait, including some measurements that have not previously been technologically feasible. The components of the proposed system include: A sparse array of subsurface moorings, each instrumented with an upward looking sonar, an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) and a single conductivity-temperature (CT) sensor. These will provide a time series of upper ocean currents, ice velocity and ice thickness. These measurements will then be used to estimate the ice component of freshwater flux, provide an absolute velocity reference for geostrophic shears calculated from Seaglider hydrographic sections, and derive error estimates for lower-frequency flux calculations. Trawl and iceberg resistant bottom landers, instrumented with ADCPs and CT sensors, will be deployed across the Baffin and Greenland shelves to quantify variability associated with strong, narrow coastal flows. Acoustically navigated Seagliders will provide year-round, repeated, high-resolution hydrographic sections across the Strait. The combination of emerging and existing technologies implemented in the observing system may serve as a prototype for accurate long-term monitoring of freshwater and ice fluxes in high latitude environments subject to seasonal or permanent ice cover. Acoustically navigated autonomous gliders capable of extended missions in ice covered environments will provide a significant new observational tool, opening important regions of high latitude oceans to intensive measurement programs.

这项研究将使用一个综合观测系统，全年测量戴维斯海峡的体积、液态淡水和冰通量。通过海峡的通量代表净综合加拿大群岛通过流量，修改陆地输入和海洋过程中向南通过巴芬湾过境。这项研究将是一项协调的国际努力的一部分，（并最终监测）连接北极和大西洋的通量的变率，并了解北极和亚北极在引导十年尺度气候变率方面发挥的作用，将成熟技术与自主滑翔机的最新发展相结合（目前正在进行他们的第一个扩展的科学任务），以解决通过戴维斯海峡流量的各个方面，包括一些测量，以前没有技术上可行的。拟议的系统的组成部分包括：一个稀疏的地下系泊阵列，每个仪器与向上看声纳，声学多普勒海流剖面仪（ADCP）和一个单一的电导率温度（CT）传感器。这些将提供上层洋流、冰速度和冰厚度的时间序列。然后，这些测量结果将用于估计淡水通量的冰成分，为从Seaglider水文剖面计算的地转切变提供绝对速度参考，并为低频通量计算得出误差估计。配备ADCP和CT传感器的抗拖网和抗冰山的海底登陆器将部署在巴芬和格陵兰大陆架上，以量化与强大，狭窄的沿海流动相关的变化。声学导航海上滑翔机将提供全年、重复、高分辨率的海峡两岸水文剖面图。将观测系统中采用的新技术和现有技术结合起来，可以作为一个原型，用于对有季节性或永久性冰盖的高纬度环境中的淡水和冰通量进行准确的长期监测。声学导航的自主滑翔机能够在冰层覆盖的环境中执行扩展任务，将提供一种重要的新观测工具，为高纬度海洋的重要区域提供密集的测量计划。