The Arctic Observing Network at Critical Gateways--A Sustained Observing System at Davis Strait

智力优势：该奖项支持在格陵兰岛西海岸和加拿大巴芬岛东海岸之间的戴维斯海峡进行为期五年的海洋观测。戴维斯海峡观测阵列是美国国家科学基金会北极观测网络（AON）的一部分，该网络支持长期、科学驱动的观测，支持了解北极快速环境系统变化的研究。AON是更广泛的北极环境变化研究的一个组成部分。戴维斯海峡观测阵列采用了一个由系泊设备、自主滑翔机和船基水文测量组成的补充系统，利用可靠的误差估计，以每周至年际的时间尺度对水团变化、水量、液态淡水、热量和冰通量、环境噪音和海洋哺乳动物的存在进行量化，并每两年评估一次综合大规模变化的生物地球化学特性。该奖项的成功完成将使戴维斯海峡的观测记录延长到10年，这将补充白令海峡和弗拉姆海峡的类似记录，这两个海峡是北冰洋和亚北极海之间的其他主要门户。需要10年的长期观测记录，以量化北冰洋和次北极海之间通量的周期变率和长期变化，并了解北极和次北极在引导十年尺度气候变率方面所发挥的作用。安装在系泊阵列上的水听器和滑翔机将记录海洋哺乳动物的存在。系泊装置、滑翔机和水文采样提供的同步环境特征将使海洋哺乳动物的变异性能够在环境变化的背景下进行评估。更广泛的影响：在戴维斯海峡获得的数据可以通过项目网站和CADIS（北极合作数据和信息服务）、AON数据存储库免费公开提供给更广泛的科学界。一名女研究生将负责数据处理和质量控制，生成衍生产品，并为观测系统设计和优化工作作出贡献。该项目继续与加拿大贝德福德海洋学研究所以及格陵兰的科学家和社区成员合作。戴维斯海峡观测阵列正被用作极地海洋观测研究和开发以及向更广泛的海洋科学界转让技术的试验台。在西雅图，主要研究人员将继续参加在西雅图太平洋科学中心举行的极地科学周末活动，并与高中职业项目合作。鲸鱼的声音将通过康奈尔大学的麦考利自然声音图书馆提供给广大观众。

Intellectual Merit: This award supports a further five years of ocean observations in Davis Strait between the west coast of Greenland and the east coast of Baffin Island, Canada. The Davis Strait observing array is part of the NSF Arctic Observing Network (AON), which supports long-term, science-driven observing that supports research into understanding rapid environmental system change in the Arctic. AON is a component of the broader Study of Environmental Arctic Change (SEARCH). The Davis Strait observing array employs a complementary system of moorings, autonomous gliders and ship-based hydrographic surveys to quantify, with robust error estimates, water mass variability, volume, liquid freshwater, heat and ice fluxes, ambient noise and marine mammal presence at weekly to inter-annual timescales, with biennial assessment of biogeochemical properties that integrate large-scale change. Successful completion of the award will extend the Davis Strait observational record to 10 years, which will complement similar records at Bering Strait and Fram Strait, the other main gateways between the Arctic Ocean and sub-Arctic seas. Long-term observing records of 10 years duration are required to quantify the cyclic variability and secular change in fluxes connecting the Arctic Ocean and sub-Arctic seas, and understand the role played by the Arctic and sub-Arctic in steering decadal scale climate variability. Hydrophones mounted on the moored array and gliders will document the presence of marine mammals. Concurrent environmental characterization provided by moorings, gliders and hydrographic sampling will allow marine mammal variability to be assessed in the context of environmental change.Broader Impacts: The data obtained at Davis Strait are freely and openly available to the broader scientific community via a project Web site and at CADIS (Cooperative Arctic Data and Information Service), the AON data repository. A female graduate student will be responsible for data processing and quality control, generation of derived products and contributing to observing system design and optimization efforts. The project continues a collaboration with the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Canada, and scientists and community members in Greenland. The Davis Strait observing array is being used as a test bed for polar ocean observing research and development and technology transfer to the broader ocean science community. In Seattle, the principal investigators will continue to participate in the Polar Science Weekend at the Pacific Science Center, Seattle, and collaborate with a high school vocational program. Whale sounds will be available to a broad audience via the Macauley Library of Natural Sounds at Cornell University.