WCR: Quantifying Fresh Water Fluxes, Runoff and Precipitation in the Global Water Cycle and Applying Them to Evaluate the Community Climate System Model (CCSM)

这个水循环研究（WCR）项目旨在确定不同水库之间的水通量，以量化全球水循环。量化对于理解水文气候变率和变化的物理过程、表征和评估气候模式是必要的。Dai和co-PI Trenberth（都在NCAR）将努力从大气水预算和大陆淡水排放中量化降水数量、强度和频率以及蒸发量；将分析来自8000多个站点的全球流量记录。研究结果将有助于了解水循环的基本组成部分，特别是径流、河流流量、净地表水通量和海洋淡水输送。这一努力应有助于改进水通量和流域间输送的年际和年代际变化特征。由于气候模式的主要缺陷与水循环的各个方面有关，因此，pi期望他们的努力能够推动气候模式的发展。这项研究应有助于在区域和大陆尺度上改进水文气候变率和变化的模拟和预测。这项工作对在气候变化和变率背景下研究水循环科学的广大气候科学家具有潜在的益处。此外，这项研究的信息将改进气候模式及其预测未来气候的能力，这是对与环境有关的社会问题的重要贡献。

This Water Cycle Research (WCR) project seeks to determine the flux of water between various reservoirs, in order to quantify the global water cycle. The quantification is necessary for understanding the physical processes, characterization of hydroclimate variability and change, and for evaluation of climate models. Dai and co-PI Trenberth (both at NCAR) will strive to quantify the precipitation amounts, intensity and frequency, and evaporation, from atmospheric water budgets and fresh water discharges from the continents; global streamflow records from over 8000 stations will be analyzed. The results should improve understanding of the fundamental components of the water cycle, especially, runoff, river discharge, net surface water fluxes, and oceanic freshwater transport. The effort should lead to improved characterization of the interannual and decadal variabilities of the water fluxes, and of inter-basin transports. The PIs expect their efforts to advance climate model development since the major model deficiencies are related to aspects of the water cycle. The research should lead to improved modeling and prediction of hydroclimate variability and change, on both regional and continental scales. This work is of potential benefit to the broad community of climate scientists studying water cycle science in the context of climate change and variability. Moreover, the information from this research will improve climate models and their ability to project future climates, an important contribution to societal issues concerned with the environment.