Acquisition of a Piston and Cylinder Apparatus to Expand the Capabilities of the UAF Experimental Petrology Laboratory

[0238602]拉森UAF实验岩石学实验室目前能够在地壳浅岩浆房的条件下进行实验，深度约20公里（温度约850摄氏度），温度约1100摄氏度（温度约200兆帕）。这笔资金将用于购买一个活塞缸装置，使我们能够在高达~4000兆帕的压力和~2000摄氏度的温度下对地壳和地幔的相关成分进行实验。目前，许多研究人员依靠这种类型的装置来解决与理解火山和构造过程相关的重要问题，例如俯冲带和洋中脊的地幔中熔体的产生。矿物和熔体之间的正离子和阴离子扩散速率和元素分配，重要的深部地壳和地幔矿物的相平衡，以及适合其他行星环境的物质的研究。获得活塞缸装置将在扩大现有NSF支持的UAF地球物理研究所火山学小组的实验范围方面发挥重要作用。此外，它将为那些对与地球以及其他行星系统有关的地壳和地幔岩石高压研究的其他方面感兴趣的人打开大门。＊＊＊

0238602LarsenThe UAF Experimental Petrology Laboratory is currently capable of performing experiments at conditions characteristic of shallow crustal magma chambers, to depths of ~20km (at T ~850 degrees C) and temperatures to ~1100 degrees C (at P ~200 MPa). Funds from this grant will support the acquisition of a piston-cylinder apparatus that will enable us to perform experiments on crust and mantle-relevant compositions at pressures up to ~4000 MPa and temperatures to ~2000 degrees C. Currently, many researchers rely upon this type of apparatus to address important questions relevant to understanding volcanic and tectonic processes, such as melt generation in the mantle at subduction zones and mid-oceanic ridges, cation and anion diffusion rates and element partitioning between minerals and melts, phase equilibria of important deep crustal and mantle minerals, and studies on materials appropriate for other planetary environments. The acquisition of the piston-cylinder apparatus will serve an important purpose in extending the range of experiments possible on existing NSF supported projects within the volcanology group at the UAF Geophysical Institute. In addition, it will open the door for those interested in other aspects of high-pressure research on crustal and mantle rocks relevant to the Earth, as well as other planetary systems. ***