Phase equilibria experiments to constrain magma storage at Mt Churchill, Alaska; refining the magmatic source of the White River Ash eruptions
阿拉斯加丘吉尔山限制岩浆储存的相平衡实验;
基本信息
- 批准号:2308646
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 30.87万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2023
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Volcanoes that produce explosive eruptions are very hazardous because they can create widespread ash clouds that are risky for aviation and cause damaging ash fall downwind. The White River ash (WRA) dacite tephra beds found in eastern Alaska and western Canada resulted from three of the most explosive eruptions (VEI 6) from a North American volcano, Mt Churchill, in the past ~2000 years. Those eruptions harmed the indigenous Dene people living in the areas downwind in present day Canada, resulting in a southward migration out of the impacted area. The current global reach of air traffic and the increased human population in downwind regions today mean that a similar-sized eruption from Mt Churchill could potentially cause catastrophic economic and human impacts. Despite its potential hazards, little is known about the source of its explosive, silicic magmas. This study will help us better understand where the magmas that feed Mt Churchill’s eruptions are stored in the crust. Although this volcano does not have a dedicated seismic monitoring network, knowledge of where the magmas live beneath the volcano can help us better estimate what might happen if the volcano becomes restless again in the future. Students will take part in this research during two summer courses taught by the PI at UAF. These courses will involve field trips to learn about the WRA deposits in eastern Alaska, collect samples, and then students will learn how to conduct experiments in the lab. The support from this grant will help cover student fees and field trip costs to encourage broad participation of students from historically excluded groups to help increase diversity in the geosciences. As a member of the Alaska Volcano Observatory, the PI will work closely with AVO colleagues to incorporate the results from this work into AVO operations and outreach efforts.This study will use high pressure and temperature experiments to create a magma plumbing system model for the WRA eruptions. The team will build on petrological data from prior studies, which include mineralogy, temperature, and oxygen fugacity estimates needed for the experiments. They will use plagioclase-hosted melt inclusions to estimate entrapment pressures and volatile compositions by micro-FTIR analyses of H2O and CO2 (if present) and electron microprobe analyses of S and Cl. If reacted amphiboles are found, textural analysis will enable the team to estimate magma ascent rates using prior experimental calibrations. The petrology of the WRA tephra is well-suited for phase equilibria experiments, and the relatively low temperature range constrained by prior work allows for experimental methods that are suitable for student work and have a relatively low failure rate. The experiments will contribute to a magma plumbing system model for the WRA eruptions from Mt Churchill. These results will also be provided to researchers maintaining thermodynamical models to help augment their empirical datasets for increased accuracy applied to plagioclase and amphibole-bearing dacite to rhyolite magmas.This project is jointly funded by Petrology & Geochemistry and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
产生爆炸性喷发的火山是非常危险的,因为它们会产生广泛的火山灰云,对航空造成危险,并导致破坏性的火山灰落在顺风处。在阿拉斯加东部和加拿大西部发现的怀特河火山灰(WRA)英安岩火山灰层是北美丘吉尔火山在过去~2000年中三次最大爆发(VEI 6)的结果。这些火山爆发伤害了居住在今天加拿大下风地区的土著Dene人,导致他们向南迁移出受影响的地区。目前全球范围内的空中交通和顺风地区人口的增加意味着丘吉尔山类似规模的喷发可能会造成灾难性的经济和人类影响。尽管它有潜在的危险,但人们对它的爆炸源--岩浆--知之甚少。这项研究将帮助我们更好地了解滋养丘吉尔火山喷发的岩浆在地壳中储存的位置。虽然这座火山没有专门的地震监测网络,但了解火山下岩浆的位置可以帮助我们更好地估计如果火山在未来再次变得不平静会发生什么。学生将在UAF PI教授的两个夏季课程中参加这项研究。这些课程将涉及实地考察,了解阿拉斯加东部的WRA矿床,收集样本,然后学生将学习如何在实验室进行实验。这笔赠款的支持将有助于支付学生费用和实地考察费用,以鼓励来自历史上被排斥的群体的学生广泛参与,以帮助增加地球科学的多样性。作为阿拉斯加火山观测站的一员,PI将与AVO同事密切合作,将这项工作的结果纳入AVO业务和推广工作。这项研究将使用高压和高温实验来创建WRA喷发的岩浆管道系统模型。该团队将建立在先前研究的岩石学数据基础上,其中包括实验所需的矿物学,温度和氧逸度估计。他们将使用斜长石托管的熔融包裹体,通过对H2O和CO2(如果存在)的显微FTIR分析以及对S和Cl的电子探针分析来估计包封压力和挥发性成分。如果发现反应的角闪石,结构分析将使研究小组能够利用先前的实验校准来估计岩浆上升速率。WRA火山灰岩的岩石学非常适合相平衡实验,并且受先前工作限制的相对较低的温度范围允许适合学生工作的实验方法,并且具有相对较低的失败率。这些实验将有助于建立丘吉尔山WRA喷发的岩浆管道系统模型。这些结果也将提供给维护岩石学模型的研究人员,以帮助增强他们的经验数据集,从而提高斜长石和含角闪石的英安岩到流纹岩岩浆的准确性。&该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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会议论文数量(0)
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Jessica Larsen其他文献
Evaluating the impact of chaotropic salts on protein corona formation on polyethylene glycol-emb/em-polylactic acid polymersomes
评估离液盐对聚乙二醇-嵌段-聚乳酸聚合物体上蛋白质冠形成的影响
- DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2025.138195 - 发表时间:
2025-12-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:9.700
- 作者:
Owen Tabah;Daniel Nichols;Ashley Blake;Grace Witt;Chau-wen Chou;Jessica Larsen - 通讯作者:
Jessica Larsen
Contractility assessment in enzymatically isolated cardiomyocytes
酶法分离心肌细胞的收缩性评估
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2012 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
C. Bazan;D. Barba;T. Hawkins;Hung Nguyen;S. Anderson;Esteban Vazquez;R. Lemus;J. Moore;Jeremy Mitchell;Johanna Martinez;Delnita Moore;Jessica Larsen;P. Paolini - 通讯作者:
P. Paolini
Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of non-viral gene editing technology to the brain
纳米粒子介导的非病毒基因编辑技术向大脑传递
- DOI:
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102547 - 发表时间:
2024-01-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:6.100
- 作者:
Lucian Williams;Jessica Larsen - 通讯作者:
Jessica Larsen
COsub2/sub flushing and redox as drivers of pre-eruptive amphibole breakdown
二氧化碳冲洗和氧化还原作用作为喷发前闪石分解的驱动因素
- DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119532 - 发表时间:
2025-10-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.100
- 作者:
Paul A. Wallace;Sarah H. De Angelis;Jessica Larsen;Luca Caricchi;Jackie E. Kendrick;Yan Lavallée - 通讯作者:
Yan Lavallée
A New Multi‐Method Assessment of Stratospheric Sulfur Load From the Okmok II Caldera‐Forming Eruption of 43 BCE
公元前 43 年奥克莫克 II 火山口喷发平流层硫负荷的新多方法评估
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2023 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.2
- 作者:
Ally Peccia;Yves Moussallam;Terry Plank;K. DallaSanta;Lorenzo M. Polvani;Alain Burgisser;Jessica Larsen;Janet Schaefer - 通讯作者:
Janet Schaefer
Jessica Larsen的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Jessica Larsen', 18)}}的其他基金
CAREER: Diagnosing the Undiagnosable: Using Enzyme Upregulation to Probe Cellular Behavior in Neuropathic Lysosomal Storage Disease
职业:诊断无法诊断的疾病:利用酶上调来探测神经性溶酶体贮积病的细胞行为
- 批准号:
2047697 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 30.87万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Controlling Cellular Physiology and Enzyme Localization for an Enhanced Oleochemical Biosynthesis in Yeast
合作研究:控制细胞生理学和酶定位以增强酵母中的油脂化学生物合成
- 批准号:
1706134 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 30.87万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Experimental Constraints on Gas Permeability Development in Hydrous Intermediate Magmas: Implications for Explosive Versus Effusive Eruption Styles
含水中质岩浆气体渗透性发展的实验限制:对爆炸式与喷发式喷发类型的影响
- 批准号:
1650185 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 30.87万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
EarthScope National Office
EarthScope 国家办公室
- 批准号:
1464674 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 30.87万 - 项目类别:
Cooperative Agreement
What Controls Mafic Eruption Style? The Causes and Consequences of Coupled Vesiculation and Crystallization Kinetics in Ascending Basaltic Andesite Magmas
什么控制镁铁质喷发类型?
- 批准号:
1145194 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 30.87万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Experiment Versus Nature: Testing Models of Magma Storage and Movement from the 2006 Eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
实验与自然:测试 2006 年阿拉斯加奥古斯丁火山喷发的岩浆储存和运动模型
- 批准号:
0911694 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 30.87万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Phase Relations in Aleutian Basaltic Andesites at 1 atm, 1, and 2kbar: The Effects of Changing XH2O
1 atm、1 和 2kbar 下阿留申玄武安山岩的相关系:改变 XH2O 的影响
- 批准号:
0636118 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 30.87万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Explosive Volcanism: Further Perspectives on Controls on Style and Dynamic of the 79AD Plinian Eruption at Vesuvius
合作研究:爆发性火山活动:对公元 79 年维苏威火山普林尼式喷发的类型和动力控制的进一步视角
- 批准号:
0537543 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 30.87万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Understanding H20 Degassing in Natural Phonolite Melts: An Experimental Study
了解天然声乐石熔体中的 H2O 脱气:一项实验研究
- 批准号:
0511070 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 30.87万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Acquisition of a Piston and Cylinder Apparatus to Expand the Capabilities of the UAF Experimental Petrology Laboratory
购买活塞和气缸装置以扩展 UAF 实验岩石学实验室的能力
- 批准号:
0238602 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 30.87万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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